Superkines and synthekines: repurposed cytokines with new and enhanced signaling activities
Disclosed herein are IL-4 cytokine compositions with enhanced biological activity having increased selectivity for IL-4 cytokine receptors, and methods for their use. These compositions encompass interleukin-4 (IL-4) muteins. The disclosed methods encompass administering an IL-4 to treat neoplastic diseases, autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases or for expanding a hematopoietic cell population.
1. A composition comprising an IL-4 mutein, wherein the IL-4 mutein results in higher affinity binding to a shared cytokine receptor relative to a wild-type cytokine, and wherein the IL-4 mutein comprises one or two amino acid substitutions at positions S128 and/or S129, wherein the amino acid numbering is in accordance with wild-type human IL-4 of SEQ ID NO: 4.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the IL-4 mutein results in higher affinity binding to a first shared cytokine receptor relative to a wild-type cytokine and reduced affinity to a second shared cytokine receptor relative to a wild-type cytokine.
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the first shared cytokine receptor is expressed at lower levels than the second shared cytokine receptor.
4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the first shared cytokine receptor is expressed at higher levels than the second shared cytokine receptor.
5. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the reduction in affinity is at least 5-fold.
6. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the first shared cytokine receptor is γc and the second shared cytokine receptor is IL-13Rα1.
7. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the first shared cytokine receptor is IL-13Rα1 and the second shared cytokine receptor is γc.
8. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the first and second shared cytokine receptors are γc and IL-13Rα1.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the IL-4 mutein results in higher affinity binding to a first and a second shared cytokine receptor relative to a wild-type cytokine.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the increase in affinity is at least 10-fold.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the shared cytokine receptor is common γ chain (γc) or interleukin-13 receptor alpha 1 (IL-13Rα1).
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the IL-4 mutein further comprises one or more amino acid substitutions at positions selected from the group consisting of: K117, T118, R121, E122, Y124, and S125 wherein the amino acid numbering is in accordance with wild-type human IL-4 of SEQ ID NO: 4.
13. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the IL-4 mutein comprises one or more amino acid substitutions selected from the group consisting of: K117R, T118V, R121Q, E122S, Y124W, S125F, S128G, and S129A, wherein the amino acid numbering is in accordance with wild-type human IL-4 of SEQ ID NO: 4.
14. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the IL-4 mutein comprises the following amino acid substitutions: K117R, T118V, R121Q, E122S, Y124W, S125F, S128G, and S129A, wherein the amino acid numbering is in accordance with wild-type human IL-4 of SEQ ID NO: 4.