Composite underground pipe structure
A composite pipe structure including a pair of structural polymer layers disposed on opposed sides of a central metal layer. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the composite structure is comprised of approximately 40%-60% of the metal layer, with the remaining balance comprised of the pair of polymer layers.
1. A composite pipe comprising:
a wall formed of a composite sheet having:
a metal layer having a first surface and an opposing second surface;
a first polymer layer extending over the first surface and defining a first external surface; and
a second polymer layer extending over the second surface and defining a second external surface, the wall having a wall thickness equal to the distance between the first and second external surfaces, the first and second polymer layers comprising at least 30% of the wall thickness;
the wall being disposed about a pipe axis to define a pipe opening extending longitudinally along the pipe;
the wall including at least one strengthening element formed therein and extending helically along the composite pipe;
the composite pipe being adapted to allow for burying of the composite pipe underground.
2. The composite pipe recited in claim 1 , wherein the wall thickness is equal to approximately 100 mils.
3. The composite pipe recited in claim 2 , wherein the metal layer is of a metal layer thickness equal to the distance between the first and second surfaces thereof, the metal layer thickness being equal to approximately 60 mils.
4. The composite pipe recited in claim 3 , wherein first polymer layer is of a first polymer thickness equal to the distance between the first external surface and the first surface of the metal layer, and the second polymer layer is of a second polymer thickness equal to the distance between the second external surface and the second surface of the metal layer, the first polymer thickness and second polymer thickness each being within the range of approximately 16-30 mils.
5. The composite pipe recited in claim 4 , wherein the first polymer thickness and the second polymer thickness are substantially equal to each other.
6. The composite pipe recited in claim 4 , wherein the first polymer thickness differs from the second polymer thickness.
7. The composite pipe recited in claim 1 , wherein the metal layer is formed from high-strength low-alloy steel.
8. The composite pipe recited in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer is formed from ultrahigh molecular weight high density polyethylene.
9. The composite pipe recited in claim 1 , wherein the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer are formed from different polymer materials.
10. The composite pipe recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one strengthening element includes a corrugation, the corrugation being formed at least partially by an exposed surface of the first polymer layer and an exposed surface of the second polymer layer.
11. A method of forming a composite pipe, the method comprising the steps of:
forming a metal sheet around a central pipe axis to form a longitudinal pipe opening, the metal sheet having a first surface and an opposing second surface;
applying a first polymer layer over the first surface, the first polymer layer defining a first external surface;
applying a second polymer layer over the second surface, the second polymer layer defining a second external surface, the metal layer, first polymer layer and the second polymer layer collectively forming a composite pipe wall adapted to be buried underground and having a wall thickness equal to the distance between the first and second external surfaces, the first and second polymer layers forming at least 30% of the wall thickness; and
forming at least one strengthening element within the metal sheet, with the at least one strengthening element being formed at least partially by the first external surface and the second external surface, the at least one strengthening element being formed such that when the metal sheet is formed about the central pipe axis, the at least one strengthening element extends helically about the central pipe axis.
12. The method recited in claim 11 , wherein the steps of applying the first polymer layer over the first surface and applying the second polymer layer over the second surface occur before the step of forming the metal sheet around the central pipe axis.
13. The method recited in claim 11 , wherein the steps of applying the first polymer layer over the first surface and applying the second polymer layer over the second surface occur after the step of forming the metal sheet around the central pipe axis.
14. The method recited in claim 11 , wherein the wall thickness is equal to approximately 100 mils.
15. The method recited in claim 14 , wherein the metal sheet is of a metal sheet thickness equal to the distance between the first and second surfaces thereof, the metal sheet thickness being equal to approximately 60 mils.
16. The method recited in claim 15 , wherein first polymer layer is of a first polymer thickness equal to the distance between the first external surface and the first surface of the metal sheet, and the second polymer layer is of a second polymer thickness equal to the distance between the second external surface and the second surface of the metal sheet, the first polymer thickness and second polymer thickness each being within the range of approximately 16-30 mils.
17. The method recited in claim 16 , wherein the first polymer thickness and the second polymer thickness are substantially equal to each other.
18. The method recited in claim 16 , wherein the first polymer thickness differs from the second polymer thickness.