Dielectric waveguide with embedded antenna
A digital system has a dielectric core waveguide that has a longitudinal dielectric core member. The core member has a body portion and may have a cladding surrounding the dielectric core member. A radiated radio frequency (RF) signal may be received on a first portion of a radiating structure embedded in the end of a dielectric waveguide (DWG). Simultaneously, a derivative RF signal may be launched into the DWG from a second portion of the radiating structure embedded in the DWG.
1. A method for transmitting a radio frequency signal in a dielectric waveguide, the method comprising:
receiving a first radiated radio frequency (RF) signal on a first portion of a radiating structure embedded in the end of a dielectric waveguide (DWG); and
launching a second RF signal into the DWG from a second portion of the radiating structure embedded in the DWG;
wherein the first portion of the radiating structure has a first characteristic impedance configured to receive the first radiated high frequency radio (RF) signal and the second portion of the radiating structure has a second characteristic impedance configured to match the DWG.
2. A method for transmitting a radio frequency signal in a dielectric waveguide, the method comprising:
receiving a first radiated radio frequency (RF) signal on a first portion of a radiating structure embedded in the end of a dielectric waveguide (DWG); and
launching a second RF signal into the DWG from a second portion of the radiating structure embedded in the DWG;
further comprising:
producing a source RF signal on an integrated circuit; and
transmitting the first radiated RF signal from a transmitting antenna that is electrically coupled to receive the source RF signal from the integrated circuit;
wherein the first portion of the radiating structure is located less than ten wavelengths of the first RF signal from the transmitting antenna.
3. A system comprising a dielectric waveguide (DWG), wherein the DWG comprises:
a longitudinal dielectric core member, wherein the core member has a first dielectric constant value; and
a radiating structure embedded within a portion of the core member adjacent an end of the DWG, wherein the radiating structure has a first portion with a first characteristic impedance configured to receive a first high frequency radio (RF) signal and has a second portion with a second characteristic impedance configured to radiate a second RF signal into the DWG.
4. The DWG of claim 3 , wherein the dielectric core member comprises a graded index dielectric core having two or more layers of dielectric material each having a different dielectric constant value.
5. The DWG of claim 3 , further comprising a cladding longitudinally surrounding the dielectric core member.
6. The DWG of claim 5 , wherein the cladding is conductive.
7. The DWG of claim 3 , wherein the first portion of the radiating structure is a dipole antenna and the second portion of the radiating structure is parallel radiating elements.
8. The system of claim 7 , further comprising:
a packaged integrated circuit having a radio frequency (RF) circuit configured to transmit or receive an RF signal coupled to an antenna; and
a substrate, wherein the integrated circuit is mounted on the substrate and the DWG is mounted on the substrate such that the radiating structure in the DWG is located less than approximately ten wavelengths of the RF signal from the antenna in the integrated circuit.
9. A method for forming a waveguide, the method comprising:
forming a bottom cladding layer for the waveguide on a surface of a substrate;
forming an elongated core having a first dielectric constant value for the waveguide on the bottom cladding layer;
forming a radiating structure within the core of the waveguide, wherein the radiating structure has a first portion with a first characteristic impedance configured to receive a first radiated high frequency radio (RF) signal and has a second portion with a second characteristic impedance configured to radiate a second RF signal into the elongated core; and
forming sidewalls and a conformal top layer surrounding the elongated core region and in contact with the bottom layer.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein forming the elongated core comprises forming a graded core region having two or more different dielectric constant values.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the bottom cladding layer is formed to match a footprint of the waveguide.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the bottom cladding layer is formed to extend beyond a footprint of the waveguide.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the base cladding layer, the sidewalls, and the top layer are formed by three dimensional printing onto the surface of the substrate.
14. The method of claim 9 , further comprising forming a transition core region in the elongated core having a graduated dielectric constant value that gradually changes from the first dielectric constant value adjacent the body portion to a second dielectric constant.
15. The method of claim 9 , further comprising removing the substrate after forming the waveguide.