Biobased highly functional oligomers and thermosets therefrom
The invention relates to a polyfunctional bio-based oligomer which is the reaction product of a) at least one epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin; b) at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid selected from methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, crotonic acid, and mixtures thereof; c) at least one acid anhydride selected from acetic acid anhydride, acrylic acid anhydride, methacrylic acid anhydride, crotonic acid anhydride, and mixtures thereof; d) optionally, at least one catalyst; and e) optionally, at least one inhibitor. In a polyfunctional bio-based oligomer of the invention, the ratio of ethylenically unsaturated acid to acid anhydride ranges from 90:1 to 1:90; at least one epoxide group of the at least one epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is esterified by at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid; and at least one epoxide group of the at least one epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is esterified by at least one acid anhydride. Other embodiments of the invention relate to methods of making the polyfunctional bio-based oligomers of the invention and to curable coating compositions containing them.
1. A polyfunctional bio-based oligomer which is the reaction product of:
a) at least one epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin;
b) at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid selected from methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, crotonic acid, and mixtures thereof;
c) at least one acid anhydride selected from acetic acid anhydride, acrylic acid anhydride, methacrylic acid anhydride, crotonic acid anhydride, and mixtures thereof;
d) optionally, at least one catalyst; and
e) optionally, at least one inhibitor;
wherein the ratio of ethylenically unsaturated acid to acid anhydride ranges from 90:1 to 1:90;
at least one epoxide group of the at least one epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is esterified by at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid; and
at least one epoxide group of the at least one epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is esterified by at least one acid anhydride.
2. The polyfunctional bio-based oligomer of claim 1 , wherein the epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is epoxidized sucrose soyate.
3. The polyfunctional bio-based oligomer of claim 1 , wherein the ethylenically unsaturated acid is methacrylic acid and the acid anhydride is selected from acetic acid anhydride, methacrylic acid anhydride, and mixtures thereof.
4. The polyfunctional bio-based oligomer of claim 1 , wherein the epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is epoxidized sucrose soyate, the ethylenically unsaturated acid is methacrylic acid, and the acid anhydride is selected from acetic acid anhydride, methacrylic acid anhydride, and mixtures thereof.
5. The polyfunctional bio-based oligomer of claim 1 , wherein the epoxide groups of the epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin are substantially esterified by the ethylenically unsaturated acid and the acid anhydride.
6. The polyfunctional bio-based oligomer of claim 1 , wherein a fraction of the epoxide groups of the epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is esterified by the ethylenically unsaturated acid and the acid anhydride.
7. A curable coating composition comprising:
a) the polyfunctional bio-based oligomer of claim 1 ;
b) optionally, at least one diluent;
c) at least one initiator;
d) optionally, at least one solvent; and
e) optionally, at least one additive.
8. A curable coating composition of claim 7 wherein the epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is epoxidized sucrose soyate, the ethylenically unsaturated acid is methacrylic acid, and the acid anhydride is selected from acetic acid anhydride, methacrylic acid anhydride, and mixtures thereof.
9. A curable coating composition of claim 7 wherein the diluent is present in an amount ranging from 5 to 80 percent of the total weight of the curable coating composition.
10. A curable coating composition of claim 9 comprising styrene as a diluent.
11. A method of making a polyfunctional bio-based oligomer comprising the step of reacting:
a) at least one epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin;
b) at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid selected from methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, crotonic acid, and mixtures thereof; and
c) at least one acid anhydride selected from acetic acid anhydride, acrylic acid anhydride, methacrylic acid anhydride, crotonic acid anhydride, and mixtures thereof;
optionally, in the presence of at least one catalyst and/or at least one inhibitor;
wherein the ratio of ethylenically unsaturated acid to acid anhydride ranges from 90:1 to 1:90.
12. A method of claim 11 , wherein the epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is epoxidized sucrose soyate, the ethylenically unsaturated acid is methacrylic acid, and the acid anhydride is selected from acetic acid anhydride, methacrylic acid anhydride, and mixtures thereof.
13. A method claim 11 , wherein the epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is first reacted with the ethylenically unsaturated acid to form a first esterified product followed by reacting the first esterified product with the acid anhydride.
14. A method claim 12 , wherein the epoxidized sucrose fatty acid ester resin is first reacted with the ethylenically unsaturated acid to form a first esterified product followed by reacting the first esterified product with the acid anhydride.