Genetically-engineered newcastle disease virus as an oncolytic agent, and methods of using same
Recombinant strains of avian paramyxovirus (APMV), such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV), are provided. Also provided are compositions comprising them, and methods of using them to lyse tumor cells and to treat cancer. In certain aspects, genetically-engineered viral strains that incorporate therapeutic transgenes are also provided. The recombinant viruses may be used in accordance with methods of providing enhanced oncolytic efficacy and delivering an oncolytic virus to tumors present in a patient. Also provided are methods for identifying a recombinant virus as an oncolytically-effective agent.
1. A method for lysing tumor cells, comprising providing an oncolytically-effective amount of one or more recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) strains directly to one or more tumor cells,
wherein the oncolytically-effective amount of the one or more rNDV strains requires an MOI of less than 10,
wherein the one or more rNDV strains have been genetically modified to eliminate V protein expression,
wherein the one or more rNDV strains have been genetically modified to include one or more transgenes that induce apoptosis in one or more tumor cell lines, selected from the group consisting of transgenes that induce production of pro-apoptotic proteins, transgenes that activate tumor suppressor genes, and transgenes that activate pro-apoptotic proteins, and
wherein the one or more transgenes comprises chicken anemia virus apoptin gene.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said tumor cells are lysed in vitro.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oncolytically-effective amount of one or more rNDV strains is administered directly into a tumor found in a patient.
4. A method for treating cancer in a patient suffering therefrom, comprising the step of administering directly into tumors of ecto- or endo- or mesodermal origin present in said patient a therapeutically-effective amount of a composition comprising one or more recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) strains,
wherein the oncolytically-effective amount of the one or more rNDV strains requires an MOI of less than 10,
wherein the one or more rNDV strains have been genetically modified to eliminate V protein expression, and
wherein the one or more rNDV strains have been genetically modified to include chicken anemia virus apoptin gene.
5. A method for lysing tumor cells, comprising providing an oncolytically-effective amount of one or more recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) strains directly to one or more ecto- or endo- or mesodermal origin tumor cells,
wherein the oncolytically-effective amount of the one or more recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) strains requires an MOI of less than 10,
wherein the one or more rNDV strains have been genetically modified to eliminate V protein expression,
wherein the one or more rNDV strains have been genetically modified to include one or more transgenes that induce apoptosis in one or more tumor cell lines, selected from the group consisting of transgenes that induce production of pro-apoptotic proteins, transgenes that activate tumor suppressor genes, and transgenes that activate pro-apoptotic proteins, and
wherein the one or more transgenes comprises chicken anemia virus apoptin gene.
6. A method for treating cancer in a patient suffering therefrom, comprising the step of administering directly into tumors of ecto- or endo- or mesodermal origin present in said patient a therapeutically-effective amount of a composition comprising one or more recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) strains,
wherein the therapeutically-effective amount of the composition requires an MOI of less than 10 of the one or more recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) strains,
wherein the one or more rNDV strains have been genetically modified to eliminate V protein expression,
wherein the one or more rNDV strains have been genetically modified to include one or more transgenes that induce apoptosis in one or more tumor cell lines, selected from the group consisting of transgenes that induce production of pro-apoptotic proteins, transgenes that activate tumor suppressor genes, and transgenes that activate pro-apoptotic proteins, and
wherein the one or more transgenes comprises chicken anemia virus apoptin gene.