Iron garnet nanoparticles for cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy
Iron garnet nanoparticles and or iron garnet particles containing various activatable nuclides, such as holmium-165 ( 165 Ho) and dysprosium-164 ( 164 Dy), are disclosed in this application. The iron garnet (e.g., HoIG and DyIG) nanoparticles and iron garnet particles can prepared using hydroxide co-precipitation methods. In some embodiments, radiosensitizers can be loaded on radioactive magnetic nanoparticles or radioactive iron garnet particles and, optionally, coated with suitable lipid bilayers. Methods of using the disclosed nanoparticles and particles for mediating therapeutic benefit in diseases responsive to radiation therapy are also provided. Another aspect of the invention provides films, electrospun fabrics or bandage coverings for the delivery of radiation to the site of a skin lesion amenable to treatment with radiation (e.g., skin cancers or psoriasis).
1. A film, electrospun fabric or bandage comprising a polymer-embedded iron garnet nanoparticle or iron garnet particle comprising one, or any combination of, activatable nuclide selected from lanthanum-139, praseodymium-141, samarium-152, dysprosium-164, holmium-165, rhenium-185 and/or rhenium-187 and, optionally, a radiosensitizer, said film, electrospun fabric or bandage emitting relatively uniform radiation across the surface area of said film, electrospun fabric or bandage after activation.
2. The film, electrospun fabric or bandage according to claim 1 , wherein said film, electrospun fabric or bandage has relatively uniform distribution of said nanoparticle or particle within said film, electrospun fabric or bandage.
3. The film, electrospun fabric or bandage according to claim 1 , wherein said electrospun fabric comprises polymers selected from acrylonitriles, vinylimidazole, butyl acrylate, isoprene, butadiene, caprolactam and combinations thereof.
4. The film, electrospun fabric or bandage according to claim 1 , said film, electrospun fabric or bandage further comprising a wound healing agent or radiosensitizer.
5. The film, electrospun fabric or bandage according to claim 4 , wherein said wound healing agent is selected from antibiotics, anti-microbial agents, dialkylcarbamoylchloride, povidone-iodine, silver, growth factors, nitrous oxide and combinations thereof and the radiosensitizer is platinum, ruthenium, palladium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, rhodium, gold, silver, nitrous oxide, and/or boron.
6. The film, electrospun fabric or bandage according to claim 5 , wherein said wound healing agent is selected from epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), transforming growth factor (TGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), human growth hormone, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and combinations thereof.
7. A method of treating a skin disease or condition comprising the application of an activated film, electrospun fabric or bandage according to claim 1 to the skin of a subject having a skin disease or condition selected from psoriasis, skin cancer, melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, or squamous cell carcinoma.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein said film, electrospun fabric or bandage has relatively uniform distribution of said nanoparticle or particle within said film, electrospun fabric or bandage.
9. The method according to claim 7 , wherein said electrospun fabric comprises polymers selected from acrylonitriles, vinylimidazole, butyl acrylate, isoprene, butadiene, caprolactam and combinations thereof.
10. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the film, electrospun fabric or bandage further comprises a wound healing agent or a radiosensitizer.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein said wound healing agent is selected from antibiotics, anti-microbial agents, dialkylcarbamoylchloride, povidone-iodine, silver, growth factors, nitrous oxide and combinations thereof and the radiosensitizer is platinum, ruthenium, palladium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, rhodium, gold, silver, nitrous oxide, and/or boron.
12. The method according to claim 10 , wherein said wound healing agent is selected from epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), transforming growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, human growth hormone, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and combinations thereof.