Process for continuous solution polymerization
Described herein are methods for continuous solution polymerization. The method may comprise polymerizing one or more monomers and comonomers in the presence of a solvent in a polymerization reactor to produce a polymer solution; determining the composition of the polymer solution exiting the polymerization reactor in an on-line fashion; determining at least one of the critical pressure or critical temperature; comparing the critical pressure and/or critical temperature to the actual temperature of the polymer solution and the actual pressure of the polymer solution; heating or cooling the polymer solution to a temperature within 50° C. of the critical temperature; and passing the polymer solution through a pressure letdown valve into a liquid-liquid separator, where the pressure of the polymer solution is reduced or raised to a pressure within 50 psig of the critical pressure to induce a separation of the polymer solution into two liquid phases.
1. A method for continuous solution polymerization comprising:
(a) polymerizing one or more monomers and comonomers in the presence of a solvent in a polymerization reactor to produce a polymer solution comprising solvent, polymer, and unreacted monomer and comonomer;
(b) determining the composition of the polymer solution exiting the polymerization reactor in an on-line fashion;
(c) determining the critical pressure and critical temperature of the polymer solution;
(d) comparing the critical temperature to the actual temperature of the polymer solution and heating or cooling the polymer solution to a temperature within 50° C. of the critical temperature;
(e) comparing the critical pressure to the actual pressure of the polymer solution and passing the polymer solution through a pressure letdown valve into a liquid-liquid separator, where the pressure of the polymer solution is reduced or raised to a pressure within 50 psig of the critical pressure to induce a separation of the polymer solution into two liquid phases, a polymer-rich phase and a polymer-lean phase;
(f) recovering the polymer-rich phase from the liquid-liquid separator;
(g) devolatizing the polymer-rich phase to obtain polymer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymerization reactor is a solution polymerization reactor.
3. The method of claim 1 , where the monomer is ethylene and the comonomer comprises propylene and, optionally, diene.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer that is obtained is an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber or a propylene-based elastomer.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition of the polymer solution exiting the polymerization reactor is determined at least once every hour.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition of the polymer solution exiting the polymerization reactor is determined at least once very twenty minutes.
7. The method of claim 1 , where determining the composition of the polymer solution exiting the polymerization reactor comprises utilizing a gas chromatography analyzer or a Raman analyzer to measure the molar fraction of the solvent, unreacted monomer, unreacted comonomer, and polymer in the polymer solution.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the critical pressure and critical temperature are determined utilizing the Heidermann-Khalil formulation of solution criticality which utilizes the Peng-Robinson or Soave-Redlich-Kwong equations of state.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer solution is heated to a temperature that is less than the critical temperature.
10. The method of claim 1 , comprising heating the polymer solution to a temperature that is within 10° C. of the critical temperature.
11. The method of claim 1 , comprising reducing the polymer solution to a pressure that is within 20 psig of the critical pressure.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer solution comprises 5 to 15 wt % of polymer as it exits the polymerization reactor.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer-lean phase comprises less than 0.3 wt % of polymer.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer rich phase comprises 20 to 40 wt % of polymer.