Porous graphene for cathode of secondary battery and its manufacturing method
In the graphene manufacturing method, a graphite oxide is formed from graphite, and then the graphite oxide is treated with a hydrochloric acid. The hydrochloric acid-treated graphite oxide is reduced at temperature of 120° C. or above and 200° C. or below by performing thermal treatment thereto. Since a low-temperature process is used for manufacturing graphene by performing thermal treatment at a relatively low temperature for a short time, this method has great economic feasibility and utilization. Due to a simple composing process and low thermal treatment temperature, graphene may be mass-produced with a low price. In particular, the graphene may be used as a cathode material for a lithium secondary battery, which exhibits a high capacity at a high voltage of 2V or above by reacting with Li, different from an anode material of a lithium secondary battery.
1. A graphene manufacturing method, comprising:
forming a graphite oxide from graphite;
treating the graphite oxide with a hydrochloric acid so that the hydrochloric acid remains in the graphic oxide; and
performing thermal treatment to the hydrochloric acid-treated graphite oxide at a temperature of 120° C. to 200° C. to be reduced so that layers of the graphite oxide are separated using vapor pressure of the hydrochloric acid to form pores.
2. The graphene manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein in the step of forming a graphite oxide, an oxidizer is used for oxidizing the graphite, and the degree of functionalization of graphene is controlled by adjusting the amount of the oxidizer.
3. The graphene manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the thermal treatment is performed under an air or inert gas atmosphere.
4. The graphene manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein in addition to the thermal treatment, thermal treatment for reduction is further performed at 200° C. or above under an inert gas atmosphere.
5. The graphene manufacturing method according to claim 3 , wherein the inert gas is at least one selected from the group consisting of helium (He), nitrogen (N 2 ), argon (Ar), neon (Ne) and xenon (Xe).
6. A porous graphene for a cathode of a secondary battery, which is prepared by the graphene manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein an O/C ratio in relation to the amount of functional groups is 0.28 to 0.47.
7. The porous graphene for a cathode of a secondary battery according to claim 6 , wherein the porous graphene exhibits a high voltage of 2V in comparison to lithium.
8. The porous graphene for a cathode of a secondary battery according to claim 6 , wherein the porous graphene has a microstructure composed of graphene nano-plates with a thickness of 10 nm and has a pore size of several ten to several hundred nm, and the pore is formed to extend from an inside of the graphene nano-plates to a surface thereof.
9. A secondary battery, comprising:
a cathode prepared by coating slurry for an electrode, which includes the porous graphene manufactured by the method according to claim 1 , wherein an O/C ratio in relation to the amount of functional groups is 0.28 to 0.47;
an anode containing metal;
a separator; and
an electrolyte containing ions of the metal.
10. The secondary battery according to claim 9 , wherein the metal is lithium or sodium.
11. The graphene manufacturing method according to claim 4 , wherein the inert gas is at least one selected from the group consisting of helium (He), nitrogen (N 2 ), argon (Ar), neon (Ne) and xenon (Xe).