Battery charging system with an on-board charger
A battery charging system of a vehicle and method for charging a low-voltage battery from a high-voltage battery or an external power supply are provided, where the battery charging system includes an on-board charger (OBC) to charge the low voltage battery either from the high-voltage battery or from the external power supply, and the OBC is powered either by the low-voltage battery or the external power supply.
1. A battery charging system for a vehicle, comprising:
an on-board charger configured to be connected to an external power supply, the on-board charger including a charging DC/DC converter,
a high voltage battery connected to an output of the charging DC/DC converter, the high voltage battery configured to be charged by the on-board charger when connected to the external power supply;
a high power DC/DC converter connected to the high voltage battery;
a low voltage battery configured to be charged by the external power supply; and
a low power DC/DC converter adapted to operate in a first and a second mode of operation, wherein the low power DC/DC converter in the first mode of operation is connected to an input of the charging DC/DC converter and in the second mode of operation is connected to the output of the charging DC/DC converter;
wherein the low voltage battery is configured to be charged by the external power supply via the on-board charger when the low power DC/DC converter is in the first mode of operation, and configured to be charged by the high voltage battery when the low power DC/DC converter is in the second mode of operation.
2. The battery charging system of claim 1 , wherein the on-board charger comprises a power factor correction circuit, wherein an input of the power factor correction circuit is connected to an external power input and an output of the power factor correction circuit is connected to the input of the charging DC/DC converter.
3. The battery charging system of claim 1 , wherein the low power DC/DC converter is connected to a switch having a first position for connecting the low power DC/DC converter to the input of the charging DC/DC converter and a second position for connecting the low power DC/DC converter to the output of the charging DC/DC converter;
wherein the low voltage battery is configured to be charged by the external power supply via the on-board charger when the switch is in the first position, and configured to be charged by the high voltage battery when the switch is in the second position.
4. The battery charging system of claim 3 , wherein the on-board charger further comprises a control unit for providing control logic to control the switch.
5. The battery charging system of claim 4 , wherein the on-board charger further comprises an AC/DC converter for supplying DC voltage to the control unit.
6. The battery charging system of claim 1 , wherein the on-board charger further comprises an external power input having its input adapted to be connected to the external power supply.
7. The battery charging system of claim 6 , wherein the on-board charger circuit further comprises a power factor correction circuit having its input connected to the external power input and its output connected to the input of the charging DC/DC converter.
8. The battery charging system of claim 4 , wherein the control unit supplies the control logic to power a battery management control logic unit.
9. The battery charging system of claim 1 , wherein the battery charging system is installed in a plug-in hybrid or electric vehicle.
10. The battery charging system of claim 3 , wherein the low power DC/DC converter is directly connected to the output of the power factor correction circuit.
11. A method for operating an on-board charger of a vehicle, comprising the steps of:
providing an on-board charger including a charging DC/DC converter and a low power DC/DC converter adapted to operate in a first and a second mode of operation;
providing a high voltage battery connected to an output of the charging DC/DC converter, a high power DC/DC converter connected to the high voltage battery, and a low voltage battery;
connecting the on-board charger to an external power supply so as to charge the high voltage battery and the low voltage battery, the low voltage battery being charged when the low power DC/DC converter operates in the first mode of operation; and
disconnecting the on-board charger circuit from the external power supply, wherein the low voltage battery is configured to be charged by the high voltage battery when the low power DC/DC converter operates in the second mode of operation.
12. The method for operating an on-board charger of a vehicle according to claim 11 , comprising the step of connecting the low power DC/DC converter to a switch having a first position for connecting the low power DC/DC converter to an input of the charging DC/DC converter in the first mode of operation and a second position for connecting the low power DC/DC converter to the output of the charging DC/DC converter in the second mode of operation.