Lamp and vehicle headlamp
A lamp includes: first and second semiconductor light-emitting elements adapted to emit excitation light; a wavelength conversion element adapted to convert the excitation light into light having a peak wavelength different from that of the excitation light; and a concave mirror adapted to reflect the excitation light emitted from the semiconductor light-emitting elements to the wavelength conversion element and reflect the light from the wavelength conversion element toward an outside of the lamp. A distance y1 from an optical axis of the first semiconductor light-emitting element to an optical axis of the concave mirror satisfies (D+Dphos)/2≦y1≦4f, and a distance y2 from an optical axis of the second semiconductor light-emitting element to the optical axis of the concave mirror satisfies 4f<y2≦R.
1. A lamp comprising:
a plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements configured to emit excitation light;
a wavelength conversion element configured to convert the excitation light into light having a peak wavelength different from a peak wavelength of the excitation light; and
a concave mirror configured to reflect the excitation light emitted from the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements to the wavelength conversion element and reflect the light from the wavelength conversion element toward an outside of the lamp, wherein
the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements include a first semiconductor light-emitting element and a second semiconductor light-emitting element,
a distance y1 from an optical axis of the first semiconductor light-emitting element to an optical axis of the concave mirror and a distance y2 from an optical axis of the second semiconductor light-emitting element to the optical axis of the concave mirror are independently set to satisfy: (D+Dphos)/2≦y1≦4f, and
4f<y2≦R, in which
D is a beam diameter of the excitation light,
Dphos is a length of the wavelength conversion element in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the concave mirror, within a plane including the optical axis of the concave mirror and at least one selected from the optical axes of the first and second semiconductor light-emitting elements,
f is a focal distance of the concave mirror, and
R is a radius of an opening of the concave mirror,
locations of the first semiconductor light-emitting element and the second semiconductor light-emitting element are asymmetric with respect to the optical axis of the concave mirror, and
the lamp produces elliptical shaped light.
2. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength conversion element includes a phosphor that emits light having a peak wavelength longer than that of the excitation light when excited by the excitation light.
3. The lamp according to claim 2 , wherein the wavelength conversion element has a section including the phosphor positioned in a focal area of the concave mirror.
4. The lamp according to claim 3 , wherein a center of a surface of the section including the phosphor is positioned in the focal area of the concave mirror.
5. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements are each positioned to emit the excitation light parallel to the optical axis of the concave mirror, and
the wavelength conversion element is positioned to avoid blocking the excitation light traveling from the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements to the concave mirror.
6. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength conversion element is positioned on the optical axis of the concave mirror at a concave side of the concave mirror, and
in a projection view in which the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements and the wavelength conversion element are projected onto a plane extending perpendicular to the optical axis of the concave mirror, one of the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements is located in a first direction with respect to the wavelength conversion element and another one of the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements is located in a second direction with respect to the wavelength conversion element, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction.
7. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the concave mirror has a reflection surface having a rotational parabolic shape.
8. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the concave mirror has a reflection surface having a shape formed by rotating a segment of an ellipse.
9. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the concave mirror has a reflection surface having a shape formed by rotating a segment of a hyperbola.
10. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the concave mirror has a reflection surface having a shape formed by rotating a segment of a non-linear curve.
11. The lamp according to claim 1 , further comprising a control circuit that causes the first semiconductor light-emitting element and the second semiconductor light-emitting element to alternately emit the excitation light.
12. The lamp according to claim 11 , wherein the control circuit causes the second semiconductor light-emitting element to emit the excitation light for a longer time than the first semiconductor light-emitting element.
13. A vehicle headlamp comprising a lamp comprising:
a plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements configured to emit excitation light;
a wavelength conversion element configured to convert the excitation light into light having a peak wavelength different from a peak wavelength of the excitation light; and
a concave mirror configured to reflect the excitation light emitted from the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements to the wavelength conversion element and reflect the light from the wavelength conversion element toward an outside of the lamp, wherein
the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements include a first semiconductor light-emitting element and a second semiconductor light-emitting element,
a distance y1 from an optical axis of the first semiconductor light-emitting element to an optical axis of the concave mirror and a distance y2 from an optical axis of the second semiconductor light-emitting element to the optical axis of the concave mirror are independently set to satisfy: (D+Dphos)/2≦y1≦4f, and
4f<y2≦R, in which
D is a beam diameter of the excitation light,
Dphos is a length of the wavelength conversion element in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the concave mirror, within a plane including the optical axis of the concave mirror and at least one selected from the optical axes of the first and second semiconductor light-emitting elements
f is a focal distance of the concave mirror, and
R is a radius of an opening of the concave mirror,
locations of the first semiconductor light-emitting element and the second semiconductor light-emitting element are asymmetric with respect to the optical axis of the concave mirror, and
the lamp produces elliptical shaped light.
14. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the optical axis of the first semiconductor light-emitting element and the optical axis of the second semiconductor light-emitting element are asymmetric with respect to the optical axis of the concave mirror.
15. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the optical axis of the first semiconductor light-emitting element is defined as a beam path of a light beam emitted from the first semiconductor light-emitting element just before reflected by the concave mirror, and the optical axis of the second semiconductor light-emitting element is defined as a beam path of a light beam emitted from the second semiconductor light-emitting element just before reflected by the concave mirror.
16. The lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the first semiconductor light-emitting element, the second semiconductor light-emitting element, the wavelength conversion element and the concave mirror are arranged such that the excitation light is first reflected by the concave mirror and then the reflected light reaches the wavelength conversion element.