Gene targeting methods and tools
Provided herein is a general method of correcting a gene, for example a gene with many known mutations, such as a gene with mutations in many different exons which could vary from subject to subject (e.g., patient), as well as a set of tools (TALENs and gene targeting vectors) to accomplish such method.
1. An in vitro method to correct a dysfunctional gene, wherein the dysfunction is caused by a genetic mutation, the method comprising: introducing one or more nucleic acids encoding a TALEN and a nucleic acid donor sequence into a cell comprising said dysfunctional gene, wherein the TALEN comprises a plurality of TAL effector sequences that can bind to a target site of insertion in the dysfunctional gene,
wherein said nucleic acid donor sequence comprises a stop codon and a nucleic acid encoding a wild-type, functional coding region of said dysfunctional gene flanked by sequences homologous to the target site of insertion, wherein the cell expresses said TALEN and said TALEN introduces a site-specific double stranded break at the target site of insertion in said dysfunctional gene, thereby introducing a stop codon into the dysfunctional gene in the cell and introducing a wild-type, functional coding region of said dysfunctional gene into said cell.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell is a fibroblast, keratinocyte, induced pluripotent stem cell, hematopoietic stem cell, mesenchymal stem cell, embryonic stem cell, hematopoietic progeny cell, glia cell, neural cell, neuroglial progenitor cell, neuroglial stem cell, muscle cell, lung cell, pancreatic, liver cell and/or a cell of the reticular endothelial system.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the cell is a muscle cell.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the TALEN is encoded by a nucleic acid having the sequence of 5′-ATACACTTTTCAAAATGCTT-spacer-AGAGGACTGTTGTAAGTAC-3′ (SEQ ID NOs:5 and 6) and/or a nucleic acid sequence comprising 5′-ATATTTTACTGTGGCATAACGT-spacer-AATTAGGTAGATTGATTTTAAATTATCAC-3′ (SEQ ID NOs:9 and 10).
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said one or more nucleic acids are part of a vector or plasmid.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dysfunctional gene is a dysfunctional form of a gene encoding DMD, CFTR, DYSF, EMD, LMNA, TTID, CAV3, DNAJB6, DES, TNPO3, CAPN3, SGCG, SGCA, ANO5, SGCB, SGCD, TCAP, TRIM32, FKRP, TTN, POMT1, FKTN, POMT2, POMGNT1, PLEC1, or HBB.