Barcode-reading system
A barcode reader is disclosed. The barcode reader may include a semiconductor package and an optic system. The semiconductor package may include a plurality of silicon dies stacked vertically and interconnected by through-silicon vias (TSVs) or wires. A first die positioned on top of the plurality of stacked silicon dies includes a photo sensor array and image read-out circuitry. The image read-out circuitry is coupled to the photo sensor array and configured to generate a frame of image data, wherein the frame of image data is a sequence of values, each value representing an intensity of illumination focused on one of the photo sensors. The optic system is configured to focus an image of a barcode on the photo sensor array. The optic system includes a lens assembly and a mirror. The mirror folds an optical path behind the lens assembly onto the array of photo sensors.
1. A barcode reader, comprising:
a semiconductor package comprising a plurality of stacked silicon dies, wherein a first die positioned on top of the plurality of stacked silicon dies includes a two-dimensional array of photo sensors and image read-out circuitry, wherein the image read-out circuitry is coupled to the two-dimensional array of photo sensors and configured to generate a frame of image data, and wherein the frame of image data is a sequence of values, each value representing an intensity of illumination focused on one of the photo sensors; and
an optic system for focusing an image of a barcode on the two-dimensional array of photo sensors, the optic system including a lens assembly and a mirror, wherein the mirror folds an optical path behind the lens assembly onto the array of photo sensors, and wherein both the lens assembly and the mirror are positioned above the two-dimensional array of photo sensors.
2. The barcode reader of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of stacked silicon dies comprises a second die, the second die comprising:
an image processing circuit configured to receive the frame of image data and perform image processing functions to generate at least one image data record from the frame of image data; and
a buffer memory for storing the at least one image data record.
3. The barcode reader of claim 1 , wherein the first die comprises:
an image processing circuit configured to receive the frame of image data and perform image processing functions to generate at least one image data record from the frame of image data; and
a buffer memory for storing the at least one image data record.
4. The barcode reader of claim 1 , wherein the mirror is a flat mirror.
5. The barcode reader of claim 1 , wherein the mirror is a convex mirror.
6. The barcode reader of claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional array of photo sensors are used to capture the frame of image data using a rolling shutter mode of operation.
7. The barcode reader of claim 1 , wherein:
the mirror is positioned on an axis that extends from a center of the two-dimensional array of photo sensors, the axis being perpendicular to the two-dimensional array of photo sensors; and
the lens assembly is displaced from the mirror in a direction parallel to the two-dimensional array of photo sensors by a distance that is less than half a dimension of the two-dimensional array of photo sensors.
8. A mobile device, comprising:
a semiconductor chip comprising a two-dimensional array of photo sensors and image read-out circuitry configured to generate a frame of image data representing an intensity of illumination focused on the two-dimensional array of photo sensors;
a lens assembly for capturing an image of a barcode positioned in a field of view of the lens assembly; and
a mirror located behind the lens assembly for reflecting the illumination received via the lens assembly onto the two-dimensional array of photo sensors,
wherein both the lens assembly and the mirror are positioned above the two-dimensional array of photo sensors.
9. The mobile device of claim 8 , wherein the semiconductor chip comprises an image processing circuit configured to receive the frame of image data and perform image processing functions to generate at least one image data record from the frame of image data.
10. The mobile device of claim 9 , wherein the image read-out circuitry is configured to sequentially commence exposure for each row of pixels of the two-dimensional array of photo sensors from a first row to a last row of the two-dimensional array of photo sensors, each row of pixels being exposed from an exposure start time to an exposure end time for the row for a duration of an exposure period.
11. The mobile device of claim 8 , wherein the semiconductor chip is positioned on top of a stack of multiple semiconductor chips that are stacked vertically and inter-connected by through-silicon vias (TSVs).
12. The mobile device of claim 8 , wherein the mirror is a flat mirror.
13. The mobile device of claim 8 , wherein the mirror is a convex mirror.
14. A barcode reader, comprising:
a three-dimensional (3D) integrated circuit (IC) package comprising a plurality of semiconductor chips including a first chip and a second chip that are stacked vertically and inter-connected using through-silicon vias, wherein the first chip is located on top of the 3D IC package and comprises a two-dimensional array of photo sensors and image read-out circuitry configured to generate a frame of image data representing an intensity of illumination focused on the two-dimensional array of photo sensors; and
an optic system including a lens assembly and a mirror, wherein both the lens assembly and the mirror are positioned above the two-dimensional array of photo sensors for focusing an image of a barcode captured by the lens assembly on the two-dimensional array of photo sensors, and wherein the mirror is located behind the lens assembly and folds an optical path onto the two-dimensional array of photo sensors.
15. The barcode reader of claim 14 , wherein at least one of the first chip or the second chip includes image pre-processing circuits configured to perform image processing functions to generate at least one image data record from the frame of image data.
16. The barcode reader of claim 15 , wherein each image data record is a derivative of the frame of image data.
17. The barcode reader of claim 15 , wherein each image data record is generated by applying a distinct image processing convolution kernel to the frame of image data.
18. The barcode reader of claim 15 , wherein each image data record is generated by applying a convolution kernel to both: i) the frame of image data; and ii) a reduced resolution image resulting from reducing resolution of the frame of image data by sub-sampling or binning.
19. The barcode reader of claim 15 , wherein the second chip includes a processor for running a barcode-reading application that is configured to provide control settings for the image read-out circuitry and the image pre-processing circuits on the first chip.
20. The barcode reader of claim 14 , wherein the mirror is a flat mirror.
21. The barcode reader of claim 14 , wherein the mirror is a convex mirror.
22. The barcode reader of claim 14 , wherein the image read-out circuitry is configured to sequentially commence exposure for each row of pixels of the two-dimensional array of photo sensors from a first row to a last row of the two-dimensional array of photo sensors, each row of pixels being exposed from an exposure start time to an exposure end time for the row for a duration of an exposure period.
23. The barcode reader of claim 14 , wherein the first chip includes image processing circuits configured to perform image processing functions to generate at least one image data record from the frame of image data, and the second chip includes a decoder for decoding the image data record.
24. The barcode reader of claim 14 , wherein the barcode reader is a part of a mobile device.
25. The barcode reader of claim 24 , wherein the second chip includes a decoder, an image processing module, and a license key and outputs decoded data to the mobile device.
26. The barcode reader of claim 24 , wherein the second chip outputs an image data record to the mobile device for further processing and decoding by an image processing module and a decoder in the mobile device.