Transparent electrode, electronic device, and organic electroluminescent element

1. A transparent electrode, comprising:

a nitrogen-containing layer constituted by using a compound containing a nitrogen atom (N), the compound has an effective non-covalent electron pair content rate [n/M] of 6.5×10 −3 ≦[n/M], given that the number of non-covalent electron pairs that are neither involved on aromaticity nor coordinated to a metal among non-covalent electron pairs of nitrogen atoms (N) contained in the compound is n and the molecular weight of the compound is M;

an electrode layer containing silver (Ag) as a main component, is the electrode layer being disposed adjacent to the nitrogen-containing layer; and

two high-refractive index layers each having a higher refractive index than that of the nitrogen-containing layer, the high-refractive index layers being disposed to sandwich the electrode layer and the nitrogen-containing layer.

2. A transparent electrode, comprising:

a nitrogen-containing layer constituted by using a compound containing a nitrogen atom (N), the compound has an effective non-covalent electron pair content rate [n/M] of 2.0×10 −3 ≦[n/M], given that the number of non-covalent electron pairs that are neither involved in aromaticity nor coordinated to a metal among non-covalent electron pairs of nitrogen atoms (N) contained in the compound is n and the molecular weight of the compound is M;

an electrode layer containing silver (Ag) as a main component, is the electrode layer being disposed adjacent to the nitrogen-containing layer;

two high-refractive index layers each having a higher refractive index than that of the nitrogen-containing layer, the high-refractive index layers being disposed to sandwich the electrode layer and the nitrogen-containing layer; and

the nitrogen-containing layer is such that the effective non-covalent electron pair content rate [n/M] at the interface on the side of the electrode layer has a value of 2.0×10 −3 ≦[n/M].

3. A transparent electrode, comprising:

a nitrogen-containing layer constituted by using a compound containing a nitrogen atom (N);

an electrode layer containing silver (Ag) as a main component, is the electrode layer being disposed adjacent to the nitrogen-containing layer;

two high-refractive index layers each having a higher refractive index than that of the nitrogen-containing layer, the high-refractive index layers being disposed to sandwich the electrode layer and the nitrogen-containing layer; and

the nitrogen-containing layer contains a compound having a structure represented by the following General Formula (1):

wherein,

X11 represents —N(R11)- or —O—,

E101 to E108 each represent —C(R12)= or —N═, wherein at least one of E101 to E108 is —N═, and

the R11 and the R12 each represent a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent.

4. The transparent electrode according to claim 3 , wherein X11 in the General Formula (1) is —N(R11)- and is represented by the following General Formula (1a):

5. The transparent electrode according to claim 4 , wherein E104 in the General Formula (1a) is —N═ and is represented by the following General Formula (1a):

6. The transparent electrode according to claim 4 , wherein E103 and E106 in the General Formula (1a) are each —N═and is represented by the following General Formula (1a-2):

7. The transparent electrode according to claim 3 , wherein X11 is —O— and E104 is —N═ in the General Formula (1) and is represented by the following General Formula (1b):

8. The transparent electrode according to claim 3 , wherein

the compound having a structure represented by General Formula (1) has a structure represented by the following General Formula (2):

wherein,

Y21 represents a bivalent linking group formed of an arylene group, a heteroarylene group or a combination thereof,

E201 to E216 and E221 to E238 each represent —C(R21)= or —N═, wherein the R21 represents a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent, and at least one of E221 to E229 and at least one of E230 to E238 are each —N═, and

k21 and k22 each represent an integer of 0 to 4, provided that k21+k22 is an integer of 2 or more.

9. The transparent electrode according to claim 3 , wherein

the compound represented by General Formula (1)has a structure represented by the following General Formula (3):

wherein,

E301 to E312 each represent —C(R31)=, wherein the R31 represents a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent, and

Y31 represents a bivalent linking group formed of an arylene group, a heteroarylene group or a combination thereof.

10. The transparent electrode according to claim 3 , wherein

the compound having a structure represented by General Formula (4) has a structure represented by the following General Formula (4):

wherein,

E401 to E414 each represent —C(R41)=, wherein the R41 represents a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent,

Ar41 represents a substituted or unsubstituted, aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic hetero ring, and

k41 represents an integer of 3 or more.

11. A transparent electrode, comprising:

a nitrogen-containing layer constituted by using a compound containing a nitrogen atom (N);

an electrode layer containing silver (Ag) as a main component, is the electrode layer being disposed adjacent to the nitrogen-containing layer;

two high-refractive index layers each having a higher refractive index than that of the nitrogen-containing layer, the high-refractive index layers being disposed to sandwich the electrode layer and the nitrogen-containing layer; and

the nitrogen-containing layer contains a compound having a structure represented by the following General Formula (5):

wherein,

R51 represents a substituent,

E501, E502, E511 to E515 and E521 to E525 each represent —C(R52)= or —N═,

E503 to E505 each represent —C(R52)=,

wherein the R52 represents a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent,

at least one of E501 and E502 is —N═,

at least one of E511 to E515 is —N═, and

at least one of E521 to E525 is —N═.

12. The transparent electrode of claim 11 , wherein the compound containing a nitrogen atom (N) has a structure represented by General Formula 5.

13. A transparent electrode, comprising:

a nitrogen-containing layer constituted by using a compound containing a nitrogen atom (N);

an electrode layer containing silver (Ag) as a main component, is the electrode layer being disposed adjacent to the nitrogen-containing layer;

two high-refractive index layers each having a higher refractive index than that if the nitrogen-containing layer, the high-refractive index layers being disposed to sandwich the electrode layer and the nitrogen-containing layer; and

the nitrogen-containing layer contains a compound having a structure represented by the following General Formula (6):

wherein,

E601 to E612 each represent —C(R61)= or —N═,

wherein the R61 represents a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent, and

Ar61 represents a substituted or unsubstituted, aromatic hydrocarbon ring or aromatic hetero ring.

14. The transparent electrode of claim 13 , wherein the compound containing a nitrogen atom (N) has a structure represented by General Formula 6.

15. A transparent electrode, comprising:

a nitrogen-containing layer constituted by using a compound containing a nitrogen atom (N);

an electrode layer containing silver (Ag) as a main component, is the electrode layer being disposed adjacent to the nitrogen-containing layer;

two high-refractive index layers each having a higher refractive index than that of the nitrogen-containing layer, the high-refractive index layers being disposed to sandwich the electrode layer and the nitrogen-containing layer; and

the nitrogen-containing layer contains a compound having a structure represented by the following General Formula (7):

wherein,

R71 to R73 each represent a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent, and

Ar71 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aromatic hetero ring group.

16. The transparent electrode according to claim 15 , wherein

the compound having a structure represented by General Formula (7) has a structure represented by the following General Formula (8):

wherein,

R81 to R86 each represent a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent,

E801 to E803 each represent —C(R87)= or —N═, wherein the R87 represents a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent, and

Ar81 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or an aromatic hetero ring group.

17. The transparent electrode according to claim 16 , wherein the compound having a structure represented by General Formula (8) has a structure represented by the following General Formula (8a):

wherein,

E804 to E811 each represent —C(R88)= or —N═,

wherein the R88 represents a hydrogen atom (H) or a substituent,

at least one of E808 to E811 is —N═, and

E804 to E807, and E808 to E811 each may bind to each other to form a new ring.

18. The transparent electrode of claim 17 , wherein the compound containing a nitrogen atom (N) has a structure represented by General Formula 7.

19. An organic electroluminescent element, comprising:

a transparent electrode, the transparent electrode, comprising:

a nitrogen-containing layer constituted by using a compound containing a nitrogen atom (N);

an electrode layer containing silver (Ag) as a main component, the electrode layer being disposed adjacent to the nitrogen-containing layer, and

two high-refractive index layers each having a higher refractive index than that of the nitrogen-containing layer, the high-refractive index layers being disposed to sandwich the electrode layer and the nitrogen-containing layer;

a luminescent functional layer disposed by being stacked on the transparent electrode, and

a counter electrode disposed in the state that the luminescent functional layer is sandwiched between the counter electrode and the transparent electrode.

20. The organic electroluminescent element according to claim 19 , wherein the luminescent functional layer is disposed on a position where the electrode layer is sandwiched between the luminescent functional layer and the nitrogen-containing layer.

21. The transparent electrode of claim 3 , wherein the compound containing a nitrogen atom (N) has a structure represented by General Formula 1.