High thermal resistivity insulation material with opacifier uniformly distributed throughout
A fibrous insulation product with improved thermal resistance and method of making it are provided. A plurality of base fibers (e.g. glass) are formed into an insulation product, which may be bindered or unbonded. At least one infrared opacifying agent, such as soot, carbon black or graphite, is applied to the fibrous insulation product such that the base fibers are substantially uniformly coated with opacifying agent. The opacifying agent may be applied, for example, from a fluid suspension or by pulling the fiber through a sooty flame. When opacifying agent applied via a suspension and a binder is desired, it is preferable to avoid binder dispersions that can dislocate the opacifying agent. Alternative binder applications may include co-mingling of base fibers with binder fibers, or other physical or mechanical distributions.
1. A method of making a fibrous insulation product, comprising:
coating inorganic base fibers with an aqueous composition comprising an opacifying agent to provide an opacified base fiber that is substantially uniformly coated with opacifying agent,
contacting the opacified base fiber with a binder, after coating the inorganic base fibers with the aqueous composition comprising the opacifying agent, to form a matrix of bindered opacified base fibers, wherein the binder is applied without removing the coating of opacifier on the base fiber such that the opacified base fibers remain substantially uniformly coated with opacifying agent,
wherein the fibrous insulation product has greater thermal resistivity than an otherwise identical fibrous product made with otherwise identical base fibers that are not coated with the opacifying agent.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said opacifying agent is selected from carbon black, graphite, nanographite, graphene, iron oxide, chrome oxide, silicon carbide, and a metalized substrate.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the step of coating produces a thin layer of graphite, nanographite, or graphene.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of contacting the opacified base fiber with a binder comprises comingling the opacified base fiber with a binder fiber to form a matrix of opacified base fibers and binder fibers; and further including curing the binder to bind the opacified base fibers in the matrix.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the comingling of the opacified base fiber with the binder fiber is achieved by a process selected from co-fiberization, wet-laid dispersion, air-laid dispersion, and carding.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the binder fiber is prepared by fiberizing a thermoplastic binder.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the binder fiber is prepared by fiberizing a thermosetting binder composition.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the thermoset binder fiber is fiberized from an aqueous dispersion having at least one of the following properties: (a) a viscosity of at least about 30 cps at room temperature; and (b) a concentration of solids of at least about 35%.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous composition comprising an opacifying agent is a sizing further comprising a film former and a coupling agent.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of contacting the opacified base fiber with a binder comprises sandwiching a layer of binder fibers between two layers of opacified base fibers to form a matrix of opacified base fibers and binder fibers; and further including curing the binder to bind the opacified base fibers in the matrix.
11. A fibrous insulation product comprising:
a matrix of inorganic base fibers coated with an aqueous composition comprising an opacifying agent to provide an opacified base fiber that is substantially uniformly coated with opacifying agent, said matrix comprising a curable thermosetting or thermoplastic binder applied to the opacified base fibers, after the base fibers are coated with the aqueous composition comprising the opacifying agent, to bind the opacified base fibers in the matrix without removing the coating of opacifier on the base fiber such that the opacified base fibers remain substantially uniformly coated with opacifying agent,
wherein the fibrous insulation product has greater thermal resistivity than an otherwise identical fibrous product made with otherwise identical base fibers that are not coated with the opacifying agent.
12. The fibrous insulation product of claim 11 , wherein said opacifying agent is selected from carbon black, graphite, nanographite, graphene, iron oxide, chrome oxide, silicon carbide, and a metalized substrate.
13. The fibrous insulation product of claim 12 , wherein the opacifying agent is a thin layer of graphite, nanographite, or graphene.
14. The fibrous insulation product of claim 12 wherein the opacifying agent comprises particles having a substantially planar shape.
15. The fibrous insulation product of claim 11 wherein the opacifying agent comprises an essentially continuous coating.
16. The fibrous insulation product of claim 11 wherein the opacified base fiber includes gaps of exposed base fiber not coated with opacifying agent extending no more than about 10 times the diameter of the fiber.
17. The fibrous insulation product of claim 11 , wherein the binder comprises a comingled thermoset binder fiber that is cured to bind the opacified base fiber.