Composite electrolyte for a solid oxide fuel cell, exhaust gas probe or high-temperature gas sensor
This relates to a sinterable composite electrolyte compound, a sintered composite electrolyte, a method for manufacturing a sintered composite electrolyte and the use of the sintered composite electrolyte in a fuel cell, preferably a solid oxide fuel cell, an exhaust gas probe or a high-temperature gas sensor, and a fuel cell, preferably a solid oxide fuel cell, exhaust gas probe or high-temperature gas sensor containing the sintered composite electrolyte.
1. A sinterable composite electrolyte compound comprising:
a) an electrolyte selected from the group consisting of 8YSZ, 10Sc1CeSZ, 10Sc1AlSZ, 10Sc2YbSZ, 3YSZ, 6ScSZ and mixtures thereof, and
b) a material distributed in the electrolyte in a quantity from 0.1 to 15.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the electrolyte, wherein the material has an average particle size d 50 from 1 to 80 nm and comprises at least two materials selected from the group consisting of 8YSZ, Al 2 O 3 , MgO, Al, Mg, 3YSZ, 6ScSZ, 10Sc1CeSZ, 10Sc1AlSZ, 10Sc2YbSZ and mixtures thereof.
2. The sinterable composite electrolyte compound according to claim 1 , wherein the sinterable composite electrolyte compound comprises the electrolyte in a quantity from 85 to 99.9% by weight, relative to the total weight of the compound.
3. The sinterable composite electrolyte compound according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte has an average particle size d 50 from 0.5 to 5 μm and the electrolyte has a particle size d 80 of less than 5 μm.
4. The sinterable composite electrolyte compound according claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte has an average particle size d 50 from 0.5 to 5 μm or the electrolyte has a particle size d 80 of less than 5 μm.
5. The sinterable composite electrolyte compound according to claim 1 , wherein the material distributed in the electrolyte comprises at least three materials selected from the group consisting of 8YSZ, Al 2 O 3 , MgO, Al, Mg, 3YSZ, 6ScSZ, 10Sc1CeSZ, 10Sc1AlSZ, 10Sc2YbSZ and mixtures thereof.
6. The sinterable composite electrolyte compound according to claim 1 , wherein the sinterable composite electrolyte compound comprises the material distributed in the electrolyte in a quantity from 0.2 to 10.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the electrolyte.
7. The sinterable composite electrolyte compound according to claim 1 , wherein the material distributed in the electrolyte has an average particle size d 50 from 2 to 50 nm.
8. The sinterable composite electrolyte compound according to claim 1 , wherein the material distributed in the electrolyte is present in the form of nanopowder or nanofibres.
9. The sinterable composite electrolyte compound according to claim 1 , wherein the sinterable composite electrolyte compound additionally comprises a further material having an average particle size d 50 from 1 to 5 μm.
10. The sinterable composite electrolyte compound according to claim 9 , wherein the sinterable composite electrolyte compound comprises the further material in a quantity from 0.1 to 1.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the electrolyte.
11. A sintered composite electrolyte comprising the sinterable composite electrolyte compound according to claim 1 .
12. A method for manufacturing a sintered composite electrolyte having a density greater than or equal to 5.9 g/cm 3 , comprising the steps of:
preparing a sinterable composite electrolyte compound comprised of an electrolyte selected from the group consisting of 8YSZ, 10Sc1CeSZ, 10Sc1AlSZ, 10Sc2YbSZ, 3YSZ, 6ScSZ and mixtures thereof, and a material distributed in the electrolyte in a quantity from 0.1 to 15.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the electrolyte, wherein the material has an average particle size d 50 from 1 to 80 nm and comprises at least two materials selected from the group consisting of 8YSZ, Al 2 O 3 , MgO, Al, Mg, 3YSZ, 6ScSZ, 10Sc1CeSZ, 10Sc1AlSZ, 10Sc2YbSZ and mixtures thereof,
sintering the sinterable composite electrolyte compound at temperatures less than or equal to 1300° C. and for a bonding time less than 5 hours.
13. A fuel cell, exhaust gas probe or high-temperature gas sensor containing a sintered composite electrolyte wherein the sintered composite electrolyte has a density greater than or equal to 5.9 g/cm 3 and comprises a sinterable composite electrolyte compound comprising:
a) an electrolyte selected from the group consisting of 8YSZ, 10Sc1CeSZ, 10Sc1AlSZ, 10Sc2YbSZ, 3YSZ, 6ScSZ and mixtures thereof, and
b) a material distributed in the electrolyte in a quantity from 0.1 to 15.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the electrolyte, wherein the material has an average particle size d 50 from 1 to 80 nm and comprises at least two materials selected from the group consisting of 8YSZ, Al 2 O 3 , MgO, Al, Mg, 3YSZ, 6ScSZ, 10Sc1CeSZ, 10Sc1AlSZ, 10Sc2YbSZ, and mixtures thereof.
14. The sintered composite electrolyte according to claim 11 , wherein the sintered composite electrolyte has a density greater than or equal to 5.9 g/cm 3 .