Freezing of gait (FOG), detection, prediction and/or treatment
A method and system for provoking gait disorders, such as freezing of gait; usable, for example, for diagnosing and/or treatment thereof. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, displays of situations calculated to cause freezing of gait are presented to a subject, optionally using virtual reality displays. Optionally or alternatively, incipit freezing of gait is identified using changes in gait parameters, and optionally used to guide attempts at causing freezing of gait. Optionally or alternatively, a portable device is provided which detects incipit freezing of gait and generates a corrective signal to the subject.
1. A method of measuring FOG (Freezing of Gait), comprising:
visually providing a stimulus designed to increase a likelihood of FOG in some subjects, to a subject while said subject is walking, wherein said FOG is a transient and a sudden inability of said subject to move; and
measuring the effect of the stimulus on the subject;
repeating said providing wherein repeated providing is adjusted in response to said measuring; and
quantifying using a circuit the severity of said FOG based on the results of said measuring.
2. A method according to claim 1 , comprising identifying pre-FOG situations based on said measuring.
3. A method according to claim 1 , comprising identifying FOG situations based on said measuring.
4. A method according to claim 3 , wherein said identifying further comprises identifying the circumstances that lead to said FOG in said subject.
5. A method according to claim 1 , comprising identifying FOG situations or pre-FOG situations based on a combination of two or more of acceleration, gyroscope, other movement sensors, EMG, APAs, heart rate and/or cerebral signals.
6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said measuring comprises monitoring on a locomotion system.
7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said repeating is adjusted to provide a desired rate or amount of FOG or near-FOG situations.
8. A method according to claim 1 , comprising testing an efficacy of a treatment by repeating said providing and said monitoring after said treatment is provided to the subject.
9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein providing comprises provoking using virtual reality.
10. A method according to claim 1 , wherein providing comprises encouraging one or more of turning, rhythmic movement and gait length change.
11. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said measuring comprises measuring one or more gait characteristic.
12. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said measuring comprises detecting a sub-clinical FOG state.
13. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said measuring comprises measuring a change in blood flow in the brain.
14. A method according to claim 1 , comprising quantifying a future risk of FOG based on said measuring.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein said measuring further comprises measuring the number of FOG episodes and the duration of said FOG episodes.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein said quantifying further comprises generating a multi-dimensional score based on said results of said measuring.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein said multi-dimensional score comprises one or more of the following dimensions: severity of ‘start hesitation’, ‘turning hesitation’, ‘narrow passage freezing’, ‘open runway freezing’, ‘reaching destination freezing’.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein said providing comprises presenting on a screen virtual obstacles designed to increase a likelihood of FOG in some subjects, to said subject; and wherein said stimulus comprises one or more narrowings of a virtual walking path.