Method and system for marking an object having a surface of a conductive material
The present invention describes a method for marking an object ( 18 ), the object ( 18 ) having a surface of a conductive material. The method comprises a step of applying an electric spark to the surface such that the material is at least one of partially melted and partially ablated by the electric spark, thereby forming a pattern on the object ( 18 ). Further, the present application relates to a marking system ( 10 ) for marking an object ( 18 ) using a spark generator ( 12 ) having a counter electrode ( 14 ) and a connector ( 16 ) for electrically connecting the spark generator ( 12 ) to the surface of the object ( 18 ) to be marked. Further, the present application relates to an authenticating system for authenticating or identifying an object ( 18 ) marked by the above described method for marking the object ( 18 ).
1. Method for marking an object ( 18 ), the object ( 18 ) having a surface of a conductive material, the method comprising
applying an electric spark to the surface
such that the material is at least one of partially melted and partially ablated by the electric spark,
thereby forming a pattern on the object,
wherein the surface is exposed to a gas while the electric spark is applied to the surface, and
wherein the electric spark comprises two subsequent phases, a first phase where a conductive channel is formed and a second phase where current is injected into the conductive channel for at least one of partially melting and partially ablating the material.
2. Method of claim 1 , wherein a spark generator ( 12 ) is electrically connected to the conductive material and to a counter electrode ( 14 ),
the conductive material thus forming a cathode and
the counter electrode ( 14 ) thus forming an anode.
3. Method of claim 1 , wherein the gas is air, argon or nitrogen.
4. Method of claim 1 , wherein the spark takes ten microseconds up to several hundred microseconds.
5. Method of claim 1 , wherein the first phase is shorter than the second phase.
6. Method of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises at least one of a metal, such as iron, steel, aluminum, copper, titanium or alloys of these metals, and a conductive composite material.
7. Method of claim 1 , wherein the object ( 18 ) is a gun, a piece of ammunition, a can, a value good, a package, a label, a piece of jewelry, or part thereof.
8. Method of claim 1 , further comprising
taking a first image of at least a part of the pattern,
extracting at least one first characteristic feature from the first image of the pattern,
associating the first characteristic feature to the object ( 18 ), and
storing information of the first characteristic feature and the associated object ( 18 ).
9. Method of claim 8 , wherein the first characteristic feature is used to generate a first code, preferably an encrypted first code, the first code preferably being attached or printed to the object.
10. Method of claim 8 , wherein the pattern is assigned to a second code, preferably a serial number, which is independent of the pattern and is configured to serialize the pattern on the object, which second code is preferably attached or printed to the object.
11. Method of claim 8 , wherein the information of the first characteristic feature and the associated object is stored in a remote storing device.
12. Method of authenticating or identifying an object ( 18 ) marked by using a method of claim 8 , the method for authenticating comprising
taking a second image of at least a part of the pattern,
extracting at least one second characteristic feature from the second image of the pattern,
comparing information of the second characteristic feature with the stored information of the first characteristic feature to identify matching information.
13. Method of claim 12 , further comprising
reading at least one of a first and a second code.
14. Method of claim 13 , further comprising transmitting at least one of the information of the second characteristic feature and the at least one of the first and second code to a remote storing device.
15. Method of claim 12 , wherein the first and second characteristic feature comprises at least one of coordinates of individual craters or melted zones of the pattern, preferably with respect to a reference mark, a mean diameter of an individual crater or melted zone of the pattern, a relative distance between at least two craters or melted zones of the pattern, and a contour of the pattern or a part of the pattern.
16. Marking system ( 10 ) for marking an object ( 18 ), the object ( 18 ) having a surface of a conductive material, the system comprising
a spark generator ( 12 ),
a counter electrode ( 14 ) electrically connected to the spark generator ( 12 ) such that the counter electrode ( 14 ) forms an anode,
a connector ( 16 ) for electrically connecting the spark generator ( 12 ) to the surface such that the surface forms a cathode with respect to the counter electrode ( 14 ),
wherein the counter electrode ( 14 ) is located with respect to the surface such that an electric spark can be generated between the counter electrode ( 14 ) and the surface,
wherein the electric spark comprises two subsequent phases, a first phase where a conductive channel is formed and a second phase where current is injected into the conductive channel for at least one of partially melting and partially ablating the material,
such that the material is at least one of partially melted and partially ablated by the electric spark,
thereby forming a pattern on the object,
the marking system ( 10 ) comprising a housing ( 20 ) enclosing a space between the counter electrode ( 14 ) and the surface, wherein the housing ( 20 ) is filled with a gas.
17. Marking system ( 10 ) of claim 16 , wherein the counter electrode ( 14 ) comprises tungsten.
18. Marking system ( 10 ) of claim 16 , wherein the gas is air, argon or nitrogen.
19. Marking system ( 10 ) of claim 18 , wherein the counter electrode ( 14 ) is configured for the gas to be injected through the tip of the counter electrode ( 14 ) into the housing ( 20 ), or wherein the counter electrode ( 14 ) is surrounded by a coaxial gas injection nozzle configured for the gas to be injected into the housing ( 20 ).
20. Marking system ( 10 ) of claim 16 , wherein the material comprises at least one of a metal, such as iron, steel, aluminum, copper, titanium or alloys of these metals, and a conductive composite material.
21. Marking system ( 10 ) of claim 16 , wherein the object ( 18 ) is a gun, a piece of ammunition, a can, a value good, a package, a label, a piece of jewelry, or part thereof.
22. Marking system ( 10 ) of claim 16 , further comprising
a first imaging device for taking a first image of at least a part of the pattern,
a memory comprising computer program code,
a processor,
wherein the memory and the computer program code are configured, with the processor, to cause the marking system to:
extract at least one first characteristic feature from the first image of the pattern,
associate the first characteristic feature to the object ( 18 ), and
store information of the first characteristic feature and the associated object ( 18 ).
23. Marking system ( 10 ) of claim 22 , further
comprising a storing device, wherein the storing means is adapted for storing the information of the first characteristic feature and the associated object ( 18 ) in the storing device, wherein the storing device preferably is remote from the first imaging device.
24. Authenticating system for authenticating or identifying an object ( 18 ), the authenticating system comprising
a marking system ( 10 ) comprising:
a first imaging device for taking a first image of at least a part of the pattern,
a memory comprising computer program code,
a processor,
wherein the memory and the computer program code are configured, with the processor, to cause the marking system to:
extract at least one first characteristic feature from the first image of the pattern,
associate the first characteristic feature to the object ( 18 ), and
store information of the first characteristic feature and the associated object ( 18 ), the authenticating system further comprising:
a second imaging device for taking a second image of at least a part of the pattern,
a memory comprising computer program code,
a processor,
wherein the memory and the computer program code are configured, with the processor, to cause the authenticating system to:
extract at least one second characteristic feature from the second image of the pattern, and
compare information of the second characteristic feature with the stored information of the first characteristic feature for identifying matching information.
25. Authenticating system of claim 24 , wherein
the memory and the computer program code are configured, with the processor, to cause the authenticating system to read a code, preferably a barcode or alphanumeric code on the object ( 18 ).
26. Authenticating system of claim 25 , wherein the memory and the computer program code are configured, with the processor, to cause the authenticating system to transmit at least one of the information of the second characteristic feature and the code to the storing means.