Intravascular devices, systems, and methods having a core wire with embedded conductors
Intravascular devices, systems, and methods are disclosed. In some instances, the intravascular device is a guide wire with electrical conductors embedded within a core wire. In some instances, the electrical conductors are coupled to conductive bands adjacent a proximal portion of the guide wire and a sensing element adjacent a distal portion of the guide wire. Methods of making, manufacturing, and/or assembling such intravascular devices and associated systems are also provided.
1. A sensing guide wire, comprising:
a core wire;
at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors that are spaced apart from one another and are disposed within the core wire, wherein each of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors comprises:
an insulating layer directly in contact with an entire circumference of the electrical conductor, and
wherein the insulating layer of each of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors is positioned within the core wire and the core wire is directly in contact with an entire circumference of the insulating layer of each of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors; and
a sensing element electrically coupled to one or more of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors.
2. The guide wire of claim 1 , wherein the sensing element includes a pressure sensor and/or a flow sensor.
3. The guide wire of claim 1 , wherein the insulating layer electrically isolates the electrical conductor from the core wire.
4. The guide wire of claim 3 , wherein the core wire is formed of a conductive material.
5. The guide wire of claim 4 , wherein the conductive material is selected from a group consisting of 304V Stainless Steel, Nitinol, Nitinol-Cobalt alloy, and MP35N.
6. The guide wire of claim 4 , wherein one or more the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors is formed of a material selected from a group consisting of copper, silver, gold, and platinum.
7. The guide wire of claim 1 , further comprising at least one connector coupled to one or more of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors adjacent a proximal portion of the core wire.
8. The guide wire of claim 7 , wherein the sensing element is electrically coupled to one or more of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors adjacent a distal portion of the core wire.
9. The guide wire of claim 8 , wherein the at least one connector comprises a conductive band.
10. The guide wire of claim 8 , wherein the sensing element is secured to a housing coupled to the distal portion of the core wire.
11. The guide wire of claim 8 , further comprising a first flexible element positioned proximal of the sensing element and second flexible element positioned distal of the sensing element.
12. The guide wire of claim 8 , wherein the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors comprise at least three non-coaxial electrical conductors, and wherein the at least one connector comprises at least three connectors.
13. The guide wire of claim 12 , wherein each of the at least three connectors is coupled to a single one of the at least three non-coaxial electrical conductors.
14. The guide wire of claim 1 , wherein the guide wire has an outer diameter of approximately 0.014″ and the core wire has an outer diameter between about 0.012″ and about 0.0135″.
15. The guide wire of claim 1 , further comprising at least one radiopaque marker coupled to the core wire and positioned proximal of the sensing element.
16. A method of forming a sensing guide wire, the method comprising:
forming a core wire;
disposing, within the core wire, at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors that are spaced apart from one another;
forming, within the core wire and for each of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors, an insulating layer directly in contact with an entire circumference of the electrical conductor, wherein the core wire is directly in contact with an entire circumference of the insulating layer of each of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors; and
electrically coupling a sensing element to one or more of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the sensing element includes a pressure sensor and/or a flow sensor.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein forming the insulating layer includes isolating the electrical conductor from the core wire with the insulating layer.
19. The method of claim 16 , further comprising coupling at least one connector to one or more of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors adjacent a proximal portion of the core wire.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors comprise at least three non-coaxial electrical conductors, and wherein the at least one connector comprises at least three connectors.
21. The guide wire of claim 1 , wherein a cross section of the core wire perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the core wire is solid, and wherein cross sections of the at least two non-coaxial electrical conductors and the insulating layer are positioned within the cross section of the core wire.