Aprepitant injectable formulations
An aqueous stable and ready-to-use formulation of aprepitant is prepared. Especially preferred formulations comprise a synergistic combination of a co-solvent and a surfactant and may further include a secondary co-solvent. Among other advantages of contemplated formulations, aprepitant is dissolved at high concentrations and remains dissolved and stable, even over prolonged periods of time.
1. A sterile liquid formulation of aprepitant for injection, comprising:
an aqueous single phase solvent system comprising water, a primary co-solvent, a surfactant, and a secondary co-solvent;
wherein the primary co-solvent is a short-chain alcohol; wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters wherein the primary co-solvent and the surfactant are present in a synergistic ratio with respect to solubilisation of aprepitant;
wherein the secondary co-solvent is present in an amount of equal or less than volume % of the water and the primary co-solvent together; and
aprepitant at a concentration of at least 5 mg/ml.
2. The sterile liquid formulation of claim 1 , wherein the short-chain alcohol is ethanol.
3. The sterile liquid formulation of claim 1 , wherein the non-ionic polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters surfactant is a polysorbate.
4. The sterile liquid formulation of claim 1 , wherein the secondary co-solvent is a short-chain polyethylene glycol or dimethylacetamide.
5. The sterile liquid formulation of claim 4 , wherein the secondary co-solvent is a short-chain polyethylene glycol and is present in an amount of equal or less than 3 volume %.
6. The sterile liquid formulation of claim 4 , wherein the secondary co-solvent is dimethylacetamide and is present in an amount of equal or less than 1 volume %.
7. The sterile liquid formulation of claim 1 , wherein the primary co-solvent is ethanol, the secondary co-solvent is a short-chain polyethylene glycol or dimethylacetamide, and wherein the surfactant is a polysorbate.
8. The sterile liquid formulation of claim 1 , wherein the secondary co-solvent is omitted from the sterile liquid formulation.
9. A kit for preparation of a sterile liquid formulation of aprepitant for injection, the kit comprising:
(a) a first container that includes a solvent system comprising a primary co-solvent, a surfactant, and an optional secondary co-solvent;
wherein the primary co-solvent is a short-chain alcohol; wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters wherein the primary co-solvent and the surfactant are present in a synergistic ratio with respect to solubilization of aprepitant;
wherein the optional secondary co-solvent is present in an amount of equal or less than 30 vol % of the primary co-solvent and the surfactant together;
aprepitant at a concentration of at least 9 mg/ml;
(b) a second container that includes a sterile aqueous diluent in an amount sufficient to dilute the aprepitant to a concentration of at least 5 mg/ml; and
wherein the non-aqueous solvent system and the sterile aqueous diluent are present in an amount such that the aprepitant at the concentration of at least 5 mg/ml is completely soluble and stable in the sterile liquid formulation.
10. The kit of claim 9 wherein the secondary co-solvent is a short-chain polyethylene glycol or dimethylacetamide.
11. The kit of claim 9 wherein the sterile aqueous diluent is water.
12. A method of increasing solubility and stability of aprepitant in an aqueous solution, the method comprising:
preparing an aqueous single phase solvent system comprising water, a primary co-solvent, and a surfactant, wherein the primary co-solvent and the surfactant are present in a synergistic ratio with respect to solubilization of aprepitant;
wherein the primary co-solvent is a short-chain alcohol; and
wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl esters;
dissolving aprepitant in a secondary co-solvent to form a concentrated aprepitant solution;
combining the concentrated aprepitant solution with the aqueous single phase solvent system to thereby form an aprepitant formulation with increased solubility and stability for aprepitant.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the secondary co-solvent is a short-chain polyethylene glycol or dimethylacetamide.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein aprepitant formulation contains at least 5 mg/ml aprepitant.
15. The method of claim 12 wherein aprepitant in the aprepitant formulation remains in solution for at least one month when stored at 40° C. and 75% relative humidity.