Stabilization of C.I. pigment yellow 139

1. A pigment composition, comprising:

(a) a pigment of formula (I):

 and

(b) an adduct selected from the group consisting of

(b1) an adduct comprising:

a compound of formula (II):

 or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

X is O, S or NR 1 ;

Y is O, S or NR 1 ;

—A-B— is selected from the group consisting of —CR 2 ═CR 3 —, —CR 4 R 5 —CR 6 R 7 —, —CY—CR 8 R 9 —, —CX—NR 10 —,—CR 11 ═N—,—CR 12 R 13 —NR 14 — and

R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl;

R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl or C 6 -C 10 aryl, or

R 2 and R 3 form a benzoannellated ring;

said alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen or OH;

said aryl or benzoannellated ring is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, OH or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and

a compound of formula (III):

 or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

Z is N or CR 18 ;

R 18 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl;

R 15 , R 16 and R 17 are independently of each other hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl, C 7 -C 10 aralkyl or a group of formula (IV):

said alkyl or alkenyl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen or OH; and

said aryl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, OH or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; or

(b2) an adduct comprising:

a compound of formula (II):

 or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

X is O, S or NR 1 ;

Y is O, S or NR 1 ;

—A-B— is selected from the group consisting of —CR 2 ═CR 3 —, —CR 4 R 5 —CR 6 R 7 —, —CY—CR 8 R 9 —, —CX—NR 10 —, —CR 11 ═N—, —CR 12 R 13 —NR 14 — and

R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl;

R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, or C 6 -C 10 aryl, or

R 2 and R 3 form a benzoannellated ring;

said alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen or OH;

said aryl or benzoannellated ring is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, OH or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and

(b3) an adduct comprising:

a compound of formula (III):

 or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

Z is N or CR 18 ;

R 18 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl;

R 15 , R 16 and R 17 are independently of each other hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl, C 7 -C 10 aralkyl or a group of formula (IV):

said alkyl or alkenyl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen or OH; and

said aryl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, OH or C 1 -C 4 alkyl.

2. The pigment composition according to claim 1 , comprising the adduct (b1) which comprises:

the compound of formula (II) or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

X and Y are O;

—A-B— is —CY—CR 8 R 9 — or —CX—NR 10 —;

R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are hydrogen; and

the compound of formula (III) or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

Z is N; and

R 15 , R 16 and R 17 are independently of each other hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 alkyl.

3. The pigment composition according to claim 1 , comprising the adduct (b1) which comprises:

the compound of formula (II) or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

X and Y are O;

—A-B— is —CY—CR 8 R 9 — or —CX—NR 10 —;

R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are hydrogen; and

the compound of formula (III) or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

Z is CR 18 ;

R 18 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, phenyl or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl; and

R 15 , R 16 and R 17 are independently of each other hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 alkyl.

4. The pigment composition according to claim 1 , comprising the adduct (b1) which comprises:

the compound of formula (II) or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

X and Y are O;

—A-B— is —CY—CR 8 R 9 — or —CX—NR 10 —;

R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are hydrogen; and

the compound of formula (III) or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

Z is N; and

R 15 , R 16 and R 17 are hydrogen.

5. The pigment composition according to claim 1 , comprising the adduct (b3) which comprises:

the compound of formula (III) or a tautomeric form thereof; and

a compound of formula (V):

HOOC—R 19 —COOH  (V),

wherein

R 19 is a direct bond, C 1 -C 8 alkylene, C 2 -C 8 alkenylene, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkylene or C 6 -C 10 arylene;

said alkylene, cycloalkylene or alkenylene is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen or OH, and said alkylene may further be interrupted by O, S, NR 20 , phenyl, naphthyl or cyclohexylene,

said arylene is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, OH or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and

R 20 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 alkyl.

6. The pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein

the mole ratio of compound of formula (II) to compound of formula (III), or

the mole ratio of compound of formula (III) to compound of formula (V) is of from 0.4:0.6 to 0.7:0.3.

7. The pigment composition according to claim 1 , comprising the adduct (b2) which comprises the compound of formula (II) or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

X and Y are O;

—A-B— is selected from the group consisting of —CR 2 ═CR 3 —, —CY—CR 8 R 9 — and —CX—NR 10 —;

R 2 , R 3 and R 10 are hydrogen; and

R 8 and R 9 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen or C 1 -C 4 alkyl.

8. The pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of component (a) to component (b) is of from 0.85:0:15 to 0.5:0.5.

9. The pigment composition according to claim 1 , consisting essentially of component (a) and component (b).

10. A process for preparing a pigment composition of claim 1 , the process comprising treating the pigment (a) of formula (I) with the adduct (b) to obtain the pigment composition.

11. The process according to claim 10 , wherein the pigment (a) of formula (I) is treated with the adduct (b) by salt kneading, wet milling or dispersing,

wherein optionally the adduct is prepared in situ during the treating step.

12. A pigment composition obtained by the process of claim 10 .

13. A process for coloring a composition, the process comprising adding the pigment composition of claim 1 to a composition selected from the group consisting of a coating composition, a paint, a printing ink, a liquid ink, plastics, a film and a fiber.

14. A colored composition, comprising:

the pigment composition of claim 1 as a colorant; and

a composition selected from the group consisting of a coating composition, a paint, a printing ink, a liquid ink, plastics, a film and a fiber.

15. A process for coloring a composition, the process comprising adding the pigment composition of claim 9 to a composition selected from the group consisting of a coating composition, a paint, a printing ink, a liquid ink, plastics, a film and a fiber.

16. A process for enhancing alkali stability of a pigment of formula (I):

the process comprising adding an adduct to the pigment of formula (I), said adduct being selected from the group consisting of

(b1) an adduct comprising:

a compound of formula (II):

 or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

X is O, S or Nr 1 ;

Y is O, S or NR 1 ;

—A-B— is selected from the group consisting of —CR 2 ═CR 3 —, —CR 4 R 5 —CR 6 R 7 —, —CY—CR 8 R 9 —, —CX—NR 10 —, —CR 11 ═N—, —CR 12 R 13 —NR 14 — and

R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl;

R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl or C 6 -C 10 aryl, or

R 2 and R 3 form a benzoannellated ring;

said alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen or OH;

said aryl or benzoannellated ring is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, OH or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and

a compound of formula (III):

 or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

Z is N or CR 18 ;

R 18 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl;

R 15 , R 16 and R 17 are independently of each other hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl, C 7 -C 10 aralkyl or a group of formula (IV):

said alkyl or alkenyl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen or OH; and

said aryl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, OH or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; or

(b2) an adduct comprising:

a compound of formula (II):

 or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

X is O, S or NR 1 ;

Y is O, S or NR 1 ;

—A-B— is selected from the group consisting of —CR 2 ═CR 3 —, —CR 4 R 5 —CR 6 R 7 —, —CY—CR 8 R 9 —, —CX—NR 10 —,—CR 11 ═N—, —CR 12 R 13 —NR 14 — and

R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl;

R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, or C 6 -C 10 aryl, or

R 2 and R 3 form a benzoannellated ring;

said alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen or OH,

said aryl or benzoannellated ring is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, OH or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; and

(b3) an adduct comprising:

a compound of formula (III):

 or a tautomeric form thereof,

wherein

Z is N or CR 18 ;

R 18 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl;

R 15 , R 16 and R 17 are independently of each other hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 6 -C 10 aryl, C 7 -C 10 aralkyl or a group of formula (IV):

said alkyl or alkenyl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen or OH; and

said aryl is unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, OH or C 1 -C 4 alkyl.