Optical buffer-based apparatus for increasing light source repetition rate

1. An apparatus for increasing a repetition rate in a swept light source comprising:

a first optical buffer comprising

a first optical coupler comprising a first arm, a second arm and a third arm;

a first mirror in optical communication with the second arm of the first optical coupler; and

a first optical delay line having a first end in optical communication with the third arm of the first optical coupler and a second end in optical communication with a second mirror,

wherein light entering the first arm of the first optical coupler leaves the first arm of the first optical coupler either delayed by a first amount or substantially undelayed; and

a second optical buffer, wherein the second optical buffer receives output light from the first optical buffer, the second optical buffer comprising

a first optical coupler comprising a first arm, a second arm and a third arm;

a first mirror in optical communication with the second arm of the first optical coupler; and

a first optical delay line having a first end in optical communication with the third arm of the first optical coupler and a second end in optical communication with a second mirror,

wherein light entering the first arm of the first optical coupler leaves the first arm of the first optical coupler either delayed by a second amount or substantially undelayed.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second mirrors are Faraday mirrors.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a circulator having a first port, a second port, and a third port,

wherein the first port of the circulator is configured to receive light from the swept light source; and

wherein the second port of the circulator is in optical communication with the first arm of the first optical coupler.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first amount is selected from the group consisting of τ, τ/2, and τ/4.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first optical buffer and the second optical buffer are polarization aligning.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising

a second optical coupler comprising a first arm, a second arm and a third arm;

a third mirror in optical communication with the second arm of the second optical coupler; and

a second optical delay line having a first end in optical communication with the third arm of the second optical coupler and a second end in optical communication with a fourth mirror; and

a four port circulator comprising a first port in optical communication with the first arm of the first optical coupler and a second port in optical communication with the first arm of the second optical coupler; a third port in optical communication with the swept light source;

wherein light entering the first arm of the first optical coupler from the first port of the four port circulator, leaves the first arm of the first optical coupler and enters the first port of the four port circulator either delayed by an amount substantially equal to (0) or (τ); and

wherein light entering the first arm of the second optical coupler from the second port of the four port circulator, leaves the first arm of the second optical coupler and enters the third port of the four port circulator delayed by an amount substantially equal to 0, (τ), (τ/2) or (τ/4).

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the mirrors are Faraday mirrors.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second amount is selected from the group consisting of τ, τ/2, and τ/4.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the repetition rate is quadrupled by buffering light from the swept source in the first optical buffer and the second optical buffer.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a duty cycle of the swept light source is less than or equal to 25%.

11. An apparatus for increasing a repetition rate in a tunable light source comprising:

a first optical buffer comprising:

a first optical coupler comprising a first arm, a second arm and a third arm;

a first mirror in optical communication with the second arm of the first optical coupler;

a first fiber optic delay line, having a first end and a second end, the first end of the first fiber optic delay line in optical communication with the third arm of the first optical coupler, the second end of the first fiber optic delay line in optical communication with a second mirror; and

a second optical buffer comprising:

a first optical coupler comprising a first arm, a second arm and a third arm;

a first mirror in optical communication with the second arm of the first optical coupler;

a first fiber optic delay line, having a first end and a second end, the first end of the first fiber optic delay line in optical communication with the third arm of the first optical coupler, the second end of the first fiber optic delay line in optical communication with a second mirror, wherein the second optical buffer receives output light from the first optical buffer.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the first optical buffer delays light input thereto by a delay selected from the group consisting of 0, τ, τ/2, and τ/4.

13. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the second optical buffer delays light input thereto by a delay selected from the group of consisting 0, τ, τ/2, and τ/4.

14. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein a first optical buffer and the second optical buffer are polarization aligning.

15. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein a duty cycle of the swept light source is less than or equal to 25%.