Aluminum titanate compositions, ceramic articles comprising same, and methods of manufacturing same
Disclosed are ceramic bodies comprised of a tialite phase and at least one silicate phase with a rare earth oxide and zirconium additions and methods for the manufacture of the same.
1. A ceramic article, comprising:
a tialite phase;
at least one silicate phase;
at least 1 wt % MgO;
at least 0.1 wt % rare earth oxide;
at least 0.1 wt % ZrO 2 ,
wherein metal oxide constituents of the article satisfy at least one of the relations
3(mole % TiO 2 )/(100+mole % Al 2 O 3 )<1.0 and
[2(mole % Al 2 O 3 )+3(mole % MgO)]/110>1.0,
where mole % TiO 2 =100[(moles TiO 2 )/(moles TiO 2 +moles Al 2 O 3 +moles MgO+moles ZrO 2 )], mole % Al 2 O 3 =100[(moles Al 2 O 3 )/(moles TiO 2 +moles Al 2 O 3 +moles MgO+moles ZrO 2 )], and mole % MgO=100[(moles MgO)/(moles TiO 2 +moles Al 2 O 3 +moles MgO+moles ZrO 2 )],
wherein the sum of ZrO 2 and the rare earth oxide is greater than 0.5 wt %, and
wherein the amount of Fe 2 O 3 is less than 0.5 wt %.
2. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide constituents of the article satisfy at least one of the relations 3(mole % TiO 2 )/(100+mole % Al 2 O 3 )<0.99 and [2(mole % Al 2 O 3 )+3(mole % MgO)]/110>1.01.
3. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide constituents of the article satisfy at least one of the relations 3(mole % TiO 2 )/(100+mole % Al 2 O 3 )<0.98 and [2(mole % Al 2 O 3 )+3(mole % MgO)]/110>1.02.
4. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide constituents of the article satisfy at least one of the relations 3(mole % TiO 2 )/(100+mole % Al 2 O 3 )<0.96 and [2(mole % Al 2 O 3 )+3(mole % MgO)]/110>1.04.
5. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein (wt % Al 2 O 3 )/(wt % TiO 2 )+1.280(wt % MgO)/(wt % TiO 2 )>1.28.
6. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein (wt % Al 2 O 3 )/(wt % TiO 2 )+1.280(wt % MgO)/(wt % TiO 2 )>1.30.
7. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein (wt % Al 2 O 3 )/(wt % TiO 2 )+1.280(wt % MgO)/(wt % TiO 2 )>1.32.
8. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the rare earth oxide comprises at least one of cerium oxide, yttrium oxide and lanthanum oxide.
9. The ceramic article of claim 1 , further comprising a glass phase.
10. The ceramic article of claim 1 , comprising a composition, of 50-99 wt % tialite phase, 0-50 wt % mullite, and 0-50 wt % cordierite.
11. The ceramic article of claim 10 , wherein the amount of mullite is between 10 and 30 wt %, the ceramic article is substantially cordierite-free, and
the tialite phase comprises a composition satisfying the expression 0.03≤m≤0.10 where m is the number of magnesium atoms per 5 oxygen atoms.
12. The ceramic article of claim 10 , wherein the amount of tialite phase is between 50 and 75 wt %, the amount of mullite is between 3 and 15 wt %, and the amount of cordierite is between 10 and 30 wt %.
13. The ceramic article of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of corundum, magnesium aluminate rich spinel, sapphirine, rutile, cerium oxide solid solution, zirconium oxide solid solution, zirconium titanate, zircon, and cerium titanate.
14. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the tialite phase comprises a composition satisfying the expression 0.03≤m≤0.30 where m is the number of magnesium atoms per 5 oxygen atoms.
15. The ceramic article of claim 14 , wherein 0.07≤m.
16. The ceramic article of claim 1 , comprising, as expressed in weight percent on an oxide basis, at least 0.2 wt % and less than or equal to 10 wt % ZrO 2 .
17. The ceramic article of claim 1 , comprising, as expressed in weight percent on an oxide basis, at least 0.5 wt % and less than or equal to 3.5 wt % ZrO 2 .
18. The ceramic article of claim 1 , comprising, as expressed in weight percent on an oxide basis, at least 0.1 wt % and less than or equal to 3.0 wt % CeO 2 .
19. The ceramic article of claim 1 , comprising, as expressed in weight percent on an oxide basis, at least 0.4 wt % and less than or equal to 1.0 wt % CeO 2 .
20. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic article comprises a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), as measured between 25-1000° C., of less than or equal to 15×10 −7 /° C.
21. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic article comprises a MOR/E of at least 0.09×10 −2 , wherein MOR is the four-point modulus of rupture and E is Young's elastic modulus measured by sonic resonance, both measured at room temperature.
22. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic article comprises a thermal shock limit (TSL) expressed as
TSL Down (° C.)=600° C.+(MOR/E)/CTE 1000-600° C. greater than 800° C.,
where CTE 1000-600° C. is the mean CTE between 1000 and 600° C. upon cooling after having been heated to 1000° C., wherein MOR is the four-point modulus of rupture and E is Young's elastic modulus measured by sonic resonance, both measured at room temperature.
23. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic article comprises a thermal shock limit (TSL) expressed as
TSL Up (° C.)=500° C.+(MOR/E)/CTE 500-1000° C. at least 850° C.,
where CTE 500-1000° C. is the mean CTE between 500 and 1000° C. upon heating, wherein MOR is the four-point modulus of rupture and E is Young's elastic modulus measured by sonic resonance, both measured at room temperature.
24. The ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic article comprises a total porosity % P greater than or equal to 45% by volume.
25. The ceramic article of claim 1 , comprising a median pore diameter d 50 in a range of 8 μm to 30 μm.
26. The ceramic article of claim 25 , comprising a median pore diameter d 50 in the range of from 12 μm to 23 μm.
27. The ceramic article of claim 1 , comprising a (d 50 −d 10 )/d 50 less than or equal to 0.25.
28. A porous honeycomb body comprising the ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the honeycomb body comprises a plurality of axially extending end-plugged inlet and outlet cells.
29. A method of manufacturing a ceramic article, comprising:
providing an inorganic batch composition comprising a silicon containing source, an aluminum containing source, a titanium containing source, a magnesium containing source, a rare earth containing source and a zirconium containing source;
mixing the inorganic batch composition together with one or more processing aid selected from the group consisting of a plasticizer, lubricant, binder, pore former, and solvent, to form a plasticized ceramic precursor batch composition;
shaping the plasticized ceramic precursor batch composition into a green body; and
firing the green body under conditions effective to convert the green body into a ceramic article comprising:
a tialite phase;
at least one silicate phase;
at least 1 wt % MgO;
at least 0.1 wt % rare earth oxide; and
at least 0.1 wt % ZrO 2 ,
wherein metal oxide constituents of the article satisfy at least one of the relations
3(mole % TiO 2 )/(100+mole % Al 2 O 3 )<1.0 and
[2(mole % Al 2 O 3 )+3(mole % MgO)]/110>1.0,
where mole % TiO 2 =100[(moles TiO 2 )/(moles TiO 2 +moles Al 2 O 3 +moles MgO+moles ZrO 2 )], mole % Al 2 O 3 =100[(moles Al 2 O 3 )/(moles TiO 2 +moles Al 2 O 3 +moles MgO+moles ZrO 2 )], and mole % MgO=100[(moles MgO)/(moles TiO 2 +moles Al 2 O 3 +moles MgO+moles ZrO 2 )],
wherein the sum of ZrO 2 and the rare earth oxide is greater than 0.5 wt %, and
wherein the amount of Fe 2 O 3 is less than 0.5 wt %.
30. The method of claim 29 , wherein the rare earth oxide comprises at least one of cerium oxide, yttrium oxide and lanthanum oxide.
31. The method of claim 29 , wherein the ceramic article comprises tialite phase between 50 and 99 wt%, mullite between 0 and 50 wt%, and cordierite between 0 and 50 wt%.
32. The method of claim 29 , wherein the plasticized ceramic precursor batch composition is shaped by extrusion.
33. The method of claim 29 , wherein the firing conditions effective to convert the green body into a ceramic article comprise heating the green body at a hold temperature in the range of 1300° C. to 1550° C. and maintaining the hold temperature for a hold time sufficient to convert the green body into a ceramic article.