Neurocalcin delta inhibitors and therapeutic and non-therapeutic uses thereof

1. A method for the treatment or prevention of a patient suffering from or being at risk of developing a neuronal disorder associated with a pathological calcium homeostasis and/or disturbed neuromuscular transmission comprising administering to said patient a sufficient amount of an inhibitor of neurocalcin delta (NCALD), wherein said inhibitor of NCALD knocks down the expression of NCALD in comparison to an untreated control.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said inhibitor is an oligonucleotide or an oligonucleotide analogue.

3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said inhibitor is an oligonucleotide having a sequence homology of at least 80% to any of SEQ ID NOs: 2-6 or 15-19.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said inhibitor is

(a) covalently and/or non-covalently bound to at least one cell-penetrating peptide and/or at least one membrane disrupting peptide;

(b) included in or covalently and/or non-covalently bound to a liposome;

(c) included in or covalently and/or non-covalently bound to a micelle;

(d) included in or covalently and/or non-covalently bound to a polymersome;

(e) included in an episome;

(f) covalently and/or non-covalently bound to or included in a microbead and/or nanobead; and/or

(g) covalently and/or non-covalently bound to a non-toxic polymer.

5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the patient is further administered with an HDAC inhibitor.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the patient is further administered with an agent increasing survival motor neuron (SMN) activity.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said inhibitor knocks down the NCALD expression.

8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said inhibitor is an oligonucleotide or an oligonucleotide analogue selected from the group consisting of:

(a) an antisense oligonucleotide;

(b) an antisense oligonucleotide analogue;

(c) an interfering oligonucleotide;

(d) an oligonucleotide modifying the splicing of pre-mRNA;

(e) an oligonucleotide analogue modifying the splicing of pre-mRNA; and

(f) an oligonucleotide encoding for one or more of the aforementioned (a)-(e).

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said inhibitor is an oligonucleotide has a sequence of any of SEQ ID NOs: 2-6 or 15-19.

10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the disorder is a motoneuron disease.

11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the disorder is selected from the group consisting of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), hereditary motor neuron disease (HMN) or a neurodegenerative disorder.

12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the disorder is selected from the group consisting of Parkinson's disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Ataxia, Morbus Huntington, and polyglutamic acid disease.

13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the patient is further administered with an agent increasing survival motor neuron (SMN) activity selected from the group consisting of:

(a) an agent increasing the expression rate of SMN;

(b) an agent increasing the rate of functional SMN;

(c) an agent comprising genetic material encoding for functional SMN;

(d) an agent stabilizing the SMN; or inhibiting the proteasomal degradation of SMN;

(e) an agent that is increasing activity of the SMN; and

(f) replacement by gene therapy expressing SMN1 in an self-complementary adenovirus vector.