Method for stationing a satellite and in-orbit testing of its payload
A method for stationing a satellite comprises a transfer phase, during which the satellite moves on an elliptical geosynchronous orbit, the orbit being deformed progressively by application of a thrust by electrical or hybrid electrical-chemical propulsion to bring it closer to a geostationary orbit. The transfer step comprises a substep during which, during a plurality of revolutions of the satellite, the thrust is stopped for a fraction of orbital period and tests of a telecommunications payload of the satellite are performed in the absence of thrust.
1. A method for stationing a satellite, the method comprising:
a transfer step performed by deforming progressively an elliptical geosynchronous orbit, on which said satellite moves, through a series of intermediate geosynchronous orbits, by applying a thrust using electrical or hybrid electrical-chemical propulsion on a revolution of the satellite along each of said series of intermediate geosynchronous orbits to bring said elliptical geosynchronous orbit closer to a geostationary orbit,
wherein said transfer step comprises a substep of, during at least a plurality of revolutions of the satellite along said series of intermediate geosynchronous orbits, stopping said thrust for a fraction of orbital period and performing tests of a telecommunications payload of said satellite in the absence of thrust.
2. The method of claim 1 , comprising the following steps:
a) injecting said satellite onto a sub-geosynchronous transfer orbit, elliptical and inclined relative to an equatorial plane;
b) bringing said satellite onto said elliptical geosynchronous orbit, inclined relative to said equatorial plane; and then
c) said transfer step, including said substep of, during at least part of said plurality of revolutions of the satellite along said elliptical geosynchronous orbit, stopping said thrust for a fraction of orbital period and performing tests of a telecommunications payload of said satellite in the absence of thrust.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said sub-geosynchronous transfer orbit is a geostationary transfer orbit.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein said step b) is performed by applying a thrust suitable for increasing the altitude of the apogee and of the perigee of the elliptical geosynchronous orbit of said satellite.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein said elliptical geosynchronous orbit has a greater axis on said equatorial plane and wherein said substep of stopping said thrust for a fraction of orbital period and performing tests of a telecommunications payload of said satellite in the absence of thrust is performed in a plurality of fractions of orbital period during which the satellite is furthest away from said equatorial plane.
6. The method of claim 2 wherein said thrust suitable for progressively bringing said inclined elliptical geosynchronous orbit closer to a geostationary orbit increases the altitude of its perigee and lowers that of its apogee.
7. The method of claim 2 wherein said thrust suitable for progressively bringing said inclined elliptical geosynchronous orbit closer to a geostationary orbit progressively reduces the inclination of its orbit relative to said equatorial plane.
8. The method of claim 2 wherein, during said substep of, during at least part of said plurality of revolutions of the satellite along said elliptical geosynchronous orbit, stopping said thrust for a fraction of orbital period and performing tests of a telecommunications payload of said satellite in the absence of thrust, said satellite moves on a geosynchronous orbit exhibiting an inclination of at least 5° relative to said equatorial plane.
9. The method according to claim 2 , also comprising the following step, carried out after said transfer step c):
d) positioning said satellite on said geostationary orbit.
10. The method according to claim 1 , in which said satellite is a telecommunications satellite with all-electrical propulsion or with hybrid chemical-electrical propulsion.