Distillation column
Significant energy saving can be achieved for a distillation column even when the distillation column has a large column temperature difference. Provided is a distillation column including a first and second columns, wherein the first column includes a part of a rectifying section or a part of a stripping section; the second column includes, if the first column includes a part of the rectifying section, the rest of the rectifying section and the whole of the stripping section, or the second column includes, if the first column includes a part of the stripping section, the rest of the stripping section and the whole of the rectifying section; and the second column constitutes a mechanical-heat-pump distillation column.
1. A distillation apparatus comprising a first device and a second device, wherein
the first device consists of a first column comprising a part of a rectifying section or a part of a stripping section,
the second device comprises, if the first column comprises a part of the rectifying section, the rest of the rectifying section and the whole of the stripping section, or the second device comprises, if the first column comprises a part of the stripping section, the rest of the stripping section and the whole of the rectifying section, and
the second device constitutes a mechanical-heat-pump distillation column,
the distillation apparatus does not include a compressor or any other structure for pressurizing a vapor discharged from an inside of the first column, and
a column temperature difference of the second device is smaller than a column temperature difference of the first column.
2. The distillation apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the number of stages of the first column is 40% or less of the total number of stages of the distillation apparatus.
3. The distillation apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the second device constitutes a heat integrated distillation column or a vapor re-compression system.
4. The distillation apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the second device comprises:
a higher-pressure part comprising the whole or a part of the rectifying section included in the second device and configured to perform gas-liquid contact at a relatively high pressure;
a lower-pressure part comprising the whole or a part of the stripping section included in the second device and configured to perform gas-liquid contact at a relatively low pressure;
a vapor line, comprising a pressurizing means, for directing a vapor discharged from a column top of the lower-pressure part to a column bottom of the higher-pressure part;
a liquid line for directing a liquid discharged from the column bottom of the higher-pressure part to the column top of the lower-pressure part; and
a heat exchange structure configured to transfer heat from the rectifying section included in the second device to the stripping section included in the second device by heat exchange.
5. The distillation apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the second device comprises:
a reboiler; and
a line, comprising a pressurizing means, for supplying a vapor discharged from a column top of the second device to the reboiler as a heat source.
6. The distillation apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the second device constitutes a heat integrated distillation column or a vapor re-compression system.
7. The distillation apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the second device comprises:
a higher-pressure part comprising the whole or a part of the rectifying section included in the second device and configured to perform gas-liquid contact at a relatively high pressure;
a lower-pressure part comprising the whole or a part of the stripping section included in the second device and configured to perform gas-liquid contact at a relatively low pressure;
a vapor line, comprising a pressurizing means, for directing a vapor discharged from a column top of the lower-pressure part to a column bottom of the higher-pressure part;
a liquid line for directing a liquid discharged from the column bottom of the higher-pressure part to the column top of the lower-pressure part; and
a heat exchange structure configured to transfer heat from the rectifying section included in the second device to the stripping section included in the second device by heat exchange.
8. The distillation apparatus to claim 6 , wherein the second device comprises:
a reboiler; and
a line, comprising a pressurizing means, for supplying a vapor discharged from a column top of the second device to the reboiler as a heat source.