Method for three-dimensional high resolution localization microscopy
A three-dimensional high-resolution localization microscopy method including illuminating a sample by excitation radiation to excite fluorescence markers in the sample to luminesce, and imaging the sample in an image frame via imaging optics along an imaging direction, wherein the image frame contains images of the luminescing fluorescence markers, and the imaging optics have a plane of focus and an optical resolution. The excitation step and imaging steps are repeated multiple times to generate a plurality of image frames, wherein the excitation steps are performed to isolate the images of the luminescing fluorescence markers in each image frame for at least some of the luminescing fluorescence markers. The location of the corresponding fluorescence marker is determined in each instance in the generated plurality of image frames from the isolated images of the luminescing fluorescence markers, and a highly resolved total image is generated from the locations determined in this way.
1. A method for three-dimensional high-resolution localization microscopy comprising:
illuminating a sample by excitation radiation in an excitation step so as to excite fluorescence markers in the sample to luminesce;
imaging the sample in an image frame in an imaging step by means of imaging optics along an imaging direction, wherein the image frame contains images of the luminescing fluorescence markers, and the imaging optics have a plane of focus and an optical resolution;
repeating the excitation step and imaging step multiple times to generate a plurality of image frames;
isolating images of the luminescing fluorescence markers in each image frame for at least some of the luminescing fluorescence markers;
determining a location of the corresponding fluorescence marker in each instance in the generated plurality of image frames from the isolated images of the luminescing fluorescence markers, which location has an accuracy exceeding the optical resolution; and
generating a highly resolved total from the determined locations;
wherein the excitation radiation is passed into the sample as a first light sheet having along the imaging direction an intensity distribution that is asymmetric to the plane of focus; and
wherein the isolated images of the luminescing fluorescence markers are each analyzed with respect to a contour shape thereof in the image frames, and a z coordinate indicating a distance of the corresponding fluorescence marker from the plane of focus is derived from a diameter of the contour shape.
2. The method according to claim 1 ;
wherein the sample is imaged on a detector lying in a plane conjugate to the plane of focus in the imaging step.
3. The method according to claim 1 ;
wherein the intensity distribution has a maximum which lies outside the plane of focus.
4. The method according to claim 1 ;
wherein a second light sheet which does not overlap with the first light sheet is radiated in the sample.
5. The method according to claim 4 ;
wherein the second light sheet is symmetric to the first light sheet with respect to the plane of focus; and
wherein the sample is imaged on two detectors in the imaging step, one of the two detectors being located in front of a plane which is conjugate to the plane of focus and the other of the two detectors being located behind a plane which is conjugate to the plane of focus.
6. The method according to claim 4 ;
wherein a wavelength spectrum of the first light sheet is different from a wavelength spectrum of the second light sheet.
7. The method according to claim 1 ;
wherein a second light sheet having an intensity distribution symmetric to the plane of focus is radiated in the sample.
8. A method for three-dimensional high-resolution localization microscopy comprising:
illuminating a sample by excitation radiation in an excitation step so as to excite fluorescence markers in the sample to luminesce;
imaging the sample in an image frame in an imaging step by means of imaging optics along an imaging direction, wherein the image frame contains images of the luminescing fluorescence markers, and the imaging optics have a plane of focus and an optical resolution;
repeating the excitation step and imaging step multiple times to generate a plurality of image frames;
isolating images of the luminescing fluorescence markers in each image frame for at least some of the luminescing fluorescence markers;
determining a location of the corresponding fluorescence marker in each instance in the generated plurality of image frames from the isolated images of the luminescing fluorescence markers, which location has an accuracy exceeding the optical resolution; and
generating a highly resolved total from the determined locations;
wherein the excitation radiation is passed into the sample as a first light sheet having along the imaging direction an intensity distribution that is asymmetric to the plane of focus; and
wherein the isolated images of the luminescing fluorescence markers are each analyzed with respect to a contour shape thereof in the image frames, and information about a distance of the corresponding fluorescence marker from the plane of focus is derived from the contour shape;
wherein a second light sheet is radiated in the sample; and
wherein the first and second light sheets are offset relative to one another by one half of the light sheet thickness in the imaging direction.