Methods and machines for pouching smokeless tobacco and tobacco substitute products
A melt-blown fabric for pouching smokeless tobacco or a smokeless tobacco substitute can include melt-blown polymer fibers. The fabric can have a basis weight of less than 30 gsm and a tensile strength of at least 4 mJ in at least one predetermined direction. Method of making the fabric can include melt-blowing a polymeric material against a support surface and bonding the fibers or arranging them in a predetermined orientation. Pouched smokeless tobacco or tobacco substitute products including the fabrics provided herein can provide desirable flavor and tactile experience.
1. A method of making a pouched smokeless tobacco or tobacco substitute product comprising:
melt-blowing, electro spinning, or centrifugally force spinning a plurality of polymeric fibers onto a surface comprising a plurality of recesses to form a coating of non-woven polymeric fibers on said surface, the coating having a basis weight of less than 30 gsm;
conforming said plurality of polymeric fibers to said plurality of recesses by pressing portions of said plurality of polymeric fibers into said plurality of recesses with a web roller having surface features that correspond to said plurality of recesses;
placing deposits of a mixture comprising tobacco, a tobacco substitute, or a combination thereof into said recesses of said coated surface;
melt-blowing, electro spinning, or centrifugally force spinning a plurality of polymeric fibers onto said deposits in said recesses of said coated surface to form a coating of non-woven polymeric fibers on said deposits having a basis weight of less than 30 gsm; and
cutting and sealing polymeric fibers surrounding each deposit to form a plurality of polymeric-enclosed packages.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said surface is a surface of a drum.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said surface is a surface of a belt.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a surfactant is applied to the plurality of polymeric fibers.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of polymeric fibers have an average diameter of less than 100 microns.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the polymeric fibers have a diameter of less than 30 microns.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the polymeric fibers are melt-blown fibers having a diameter of between 0.5 and 10.0 microns.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the polymeric fibers are centrifugal force spun fibers having a diameter of between 0.01 microns and 1.0 micron.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric fibers comprise polypropylene.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric fibers comprise polyurethane.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric fibers comprise styrene.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric fibers comprise at least two different materials.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the at least two different polymeric materials are coextruded to form composite polymeric fibers of the two polymeric materials.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein at least one of the polymeric materials is mouth-stable and at least one of the polymeric materials is mouth-dissolvable.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric fibers comprise a colorant.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tobacco or tobacco substitute has an oven volatiles content of about 4% by weight to about 61% by weight.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein said mixture comprises a binder.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein said mixture comprises between 0.1 and 0.5 weight percent of a binder.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the binder comprises guar gum, xanthan gum, cellulose gum, or a combination thereof.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tobacco is in the form of loose or compacted.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cutting and sealing are performed using ultrasonic energy.
22. A method of making a pouched smokeless tobacco or tobacco substitute product comprising:
applying a first web of a non-woven fibers on a surface comprising a plurality of recesses, said first web comprising melt-blown, electro spun, or centrifugally force spun polymeric fibers, said first web having a basis weight of less than 30 gsm;
conforming the first web to said plurality of recesses by pressing portions of said first web into said plurality of recesses with a web roller having surface features that correspond to said plurality of recesses;
placing deposits of a mixture comprising tobacco, a tobacco substitute, or a combination thereof into said recesses over said first web;
applying a second web of a non-woven fibers on over said deposits and said first web, said second web comprising melt-blown, electro spun, or centrifugally force spun polymeric fibers, said second web having a basis weight of less than 30 gsm; and
cutting and sealing said first web and said second web around each deposit to form a plurality of polymeric-enclosed packages.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein said first web and said second web have a basis weight of less than 20 gsm.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein said first web of non-woven fibers, said second web of non-woven fibers, or both, are preformed webs.
25. The method of claim 22 , wherein said first web of non-woven fibers, said second web of non-woven fibers, or both, are non-woven polymeric-fiber sheets.
26. The method of claim 22 , wherein said polymeric-fiber sheets have a basis weight of 30 gsm or less.
27. The method of claim 22 , wherein the applying said first web of non-woven fibers comprises supplying said first web to said surface by said web roller.
28. The method of claim 22 , wherein the applying said first web of non-woven fibers comprises supplying said first web to said surface by a first web supply roller.
29. The method of claim 28 , wherein the applying of said second web of non-woven fibers comprises supplying the second web over said first web and said deposits by a second web supply roller.
30. The method of claim 29 , wherein the applying of said second web of non-woven fibers further comprises shaping said second web around said deposits with said second web supply roller, wherein the second web supply roller comprises cavities that correspond to said plurality of recesses.
31. The method of claim 19 , wherein the tobacco comprises long-cut tobacco, and the binder comprises guar gum, xanthan gum, or combinations thereof.
32. The method of claim 19 , wherein the tobacco comprises loose tobacco, and the binder comprises guar gum, xanthan gum, cellulose gum, or combinations thereof.
33. The method of claim 22 , wherein the tobacco is in the form of loose or compacted.
34. The method of claim 22 , wherein the cutting and sealing are performed using ultrasonic energy.
35. The method of claim 22 , wherein the non-woven fibers comprise a polyurethane.
36. The method of claim 22 , wherein the non-woven fibers comprise a colorant.
37. The method of claim 22 , wherein the non-woven fibers comprises a binder.
38. The method of claim 37 , wherein the binder comprises guar gum, xanthan gum, cellulose gum, or combinations thereof.
39. The method of claim 37 , wherein the tobacco comprises loose tobacco, and the binder comprises guar gum, xanthan gum, cellulose gum, and combinations thereof.
40. The method of claim 37 , wherein the tobacco comprises long-cut tobacco, and the binder comprises guar gum, xanthan gum, and combinations thereof.
41. A method of making a pouched smokeless tobacco or tobacco substitute product comprising:
placing a sheet comprising a plurality of polymeric fibers onto a surface comprising a plurality of recesses to form a coating of polymeric fibers on said surface, the coating having a basis weight of less than 30 gsm;
conforming at least a portion of said sheet to said plurality of recesses by pressing portions of said sheet into said plurality of recesses with a web roller having surface features that correspond to said plurality of recesses; and
placing deposits of a mixture comprising tobacco, a tobacco substitute, or a combination thereof into said recesses of said coated surface.