System and method for monitoring use of a device
A system and method suitable for monitoring user technique of an inhaler device configured for delivery of a medicament is provided. The system may include a microphone adapted for sensing sound made during operation of the inhaler device and processing circuitry operable to process a data signal obtained from the microphone, wherein the data signal includes acoustic information sensed. The processing circuitry is adapted to determine inhalation and exhalation breath characteristics that occur during use, by analyzing the temporal and spectral components of the acoustic information sensed and processed to differentiate between an inhalation and an exhalation, based on both the temporal and spectral components. This information can be processed to determine user technique adherence to inhaler or respiratory device protocol. The analysis of temporal and spectral components can determine the impact of user technique errors on the quantity and the deposition of medicament delivered into the user's airways.
1. A system for monitoring user technique of an inhaler device configured for delivery of a medicament, said system comprising:
a first microphone configured to sense sound made during operation of the inhaler device;
a second microphone adapted to determine inhalation or exhalation breath characteristics and/or cancel ambient noise; and
processing circuitry operable to process a data signal obtained from the microphone, wherein said data signal comprises acoustic information sensed,
wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine inhalation and exhalation breath characteristics that occur during use, by analyzing the temporal and spectral components of the acoustic information sensed and processed to differentiate between an inhalation and an exhalation, based on both the temporal and spectral components.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the processing circuitry further comprises a module for identifying drug priming or blistering characteristics of the device to identify that a medicament is about to be delivered before an inhalation.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein the processing circuitry further comprises a module for identifying drug priming or blistering characteristics of the device to identify that a medicament is about to be delivered before an inhalation and the drug priming characteristics comprises an acoustic signal generated by a mechanism for priming the medicament configured to release the medicament that generates a unique energy profile of the activation mechanism convolved with the noise of release the medicament.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein analysis of the temporal and acoustic components provide an indicator of temporal adherence indicating correct volume of medication is delivered at correct temporal intervals.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein analysis of the temporal and acoustic components provide an indicator of temporal adherence indicating correct volume of medication is delivered at correct temporal intervals and the system is configured to be re-configured for different temporal adherence requirements depending on the device and medicament to be used.
6. The system of claim 1 comprising a module for identifying multiple inhalations; or an exhalation before inhalation after drug priming mechanism has been activated.
7. The system of claim 1 comprising a module for identifying insufficient inhalation volume to release the medication or delivery of the correct volume of the medication after drug priming mechanism has been activated.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein the processing circuitry comprises a module to identify different frequency components to differentiate between inhalations and exhalations to be used for user technique error identification.
9. The system of claim 1 comprising a module for comparing a zero crossing rate, a singular value decomposition of the short term power spectrum of the signal to a predefined threshold to identify potential breath sounds to be used for user technique error identification.
10. The system of claim 1 comprising a module for comparing a zero crossing rate, a singular value decomposition of the short term power spectrum of the signal to a predefined threshold to identify potential breath sounds to be used for user technique error identification wherein a zero crossing rate of the breath sounds is compared to a predefined threshold to confirm these as breath sounds using said comparing means.
11. The system of claim 1 wherein the signal is processed to determine the frequency domain components of the identified breath sounds and a module for classifying detected sounds as an inhalation or an exhalation.
12. The system of claim 1 wherein the processing circuitry comprises a module for tracking time of device inhaler use for adherence analysis.
13. The system of claim 1 comprising a module for calculating the median acoustic amplitude and duration of an identified inhalation to determine the amount of medicament released from the device.
14. The system of claim 1 comprising a module for calculating the amplitude of an identified exhalation in order to determine if the medicament has been dispersed from the inhaler, before inhalation has occurred.
15. The system of claim 1 comprising a module to calculate the minimum energy to disperse in the airways the medicament that has been achieved at exhalation.
16. The system of claim 1 comprising a module to calculate the duration of any breath sound.
17. The system of claim 1 comprising a module for recording and storing a time stamp indicating when the device is used.
18. The system of claim 1 comprising a module for recording after the inhaler is closed in order to identify exhalations after inhalation.
19. A computer implemented system for monitoring user technique of an inhaler device configured for delivery of a medicament, said system comprising:
a module for processing a data signal obtained from a first microphone, wherein said data signal comprises acoustic information sensed,
a module for processing a data signal obtained from a second microphone to determine inhalation or exhalation breath characteristics and/or cancel ambient noise,
a module for determining inhalation and exhalation breath characteristics that occur during use of the inhaler, by analysing the temporal and spectral components of the acoustic information sensed; and
a module for differentiating between an inhalation and an exhalation based on both the temporal and spectral components.