Lithium-ion electrochemical cell, components thereof, and methods of making and using same
An electrochemical cell including at least one nitrogen-containing compound is disclosed. The at least one nitrogen-containing compound may form part of or be included in: an anode structure, a cathode structure, an electrolyte and/or a separator of the electrochemical cell. Also disclosed is a battery including the electrochemical cell.
1. An electrochemical cell, comprising:
a first electrode comprising lithium metal;
a second electrode;
an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte comprises a fluorinated cyclic carbonate compound; and
an ionic N—O compound,
wherein the second electrode comprises one or more of the following:
a nickel cobalt manganese lithium-ion cathode, LiMn 2 O 4 , and LiCo x Ni (1-x) O 2 where x is between approximately 0.05 and 0.8.
2. An electrochemical cell, comprising:
a first electrode comprising lithium metal;
a second electrode;
an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte comprises a lithium bis(oxalate)borate compound; and
an ionic N—O compound,
wherein the second electrode comprises one or more of the following:
a nickel cobalt manganese lithium-ion cathode, LiMn 2 O 4 , and LiCo x Ni (1-x) O 2 where x is between approximately 0.05 and 0.8.
3. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated cyclic carbonate is fluoroethylene carbonate.
4. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiCoO 2 .
5. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiCo x Ni (1-x) O 2 and x is between approximately 0.05 and approximately 0.8.
6. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiMn 2 O 4 .
7. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the ionic N—O compound comprises at least one of a compound including an amine functional group, an inorganic nitrate, an organic nitrate, an inorganic nitrite, and an organic nitrate.
8. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the ionic N—O compound comprises a polymer.
9. An electrochemical cell as in claim 8 , wherein the polymer is a polyelectrolyte.
10. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the ionic N—O compound comprises a nitrate.
11. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the ionic N—O compound is an additive to the electrolyte.
12. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is a gel polymer electrolyte.
13. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the ionic N—O compound is insoluble in the electrolyte.
14. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the second electrode includes the ionic N—O compound.
15. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the first electrode includes the ionic N—O compound.
16. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , further comprising a separator including the ionic N—O compound.
17. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the ionic N—O compound forms part of one or more of the first electrode, the second electrode, the electrolyte, and a separator prior to electrochemical cell cycling.
18. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical cell has a cell life of greater than 90 cycles.
19. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical cell has a discharge capacity ratio of greater than 0.8 after 60 cycles.
20. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 CO 1/3 O 2 .
21. An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiNi 0.4 Co 0.2 Mn 0.4 O 2 .
22. An electrochemical cell as in claim 2 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiCoO 2 .
23. An electrochemical cell as in claim 2 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiCo x Ni (1-x) O 2 and x is between approximately 0.05 and approximately 0.8.
24. An electrochemical cell as in claim 2 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiMn 2 O 4.
25. An electrochemical cell as in claim 2 , wherein the ionic N—O compound comprises a nitrate.
26. An electrochemical cell as in claim 2 , wherein the ionic N—O compound is insoluble in the electrolyte.
27. An electrochemical cell as in claim 2 , wherein the electrochemical cell has a cell life of greater than 90 cycles.
28. An electrochemical cell as in claim 2 , wherein the electrochemical cell has a discharge capacity ratio of greater than 0.8 after 60 cycles.
29. An electrochemical cell as in claim 2 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2.
30. An electrochemical cell as in claim 2 , wherein the second electrode comprises LiNi 0.4 Co 0.2 O 2.