Thermo-elevation plant and method
View Patent ↗In some aspects, a thermal elevation system includes a base plant including an evaporator to vaporize a working fluid. A lift conduit is coupled to the base plant and includes multiple lift stages to lift the working fluid in the vapor state. An elevated plant is coupled to the lift conduit and condenses the working fluid at the elevated plant. A power generation conduit is coupled to the elevated plant and flows the working fluid through multiple power generator stages that each generate electrical power. The working fluid may return to the base plant for recirculation.
1. A thermal elevation system, comprising:
a base plant comprising an evaporator configured to vaporize a working fluid to a vapor state;
a lift conduit comprising a plurality of lift stages, each lift stage configured to lift the working fluid in the vapor state;
an elevated plant higher in elevation than the base plant, the elevated plant comprising a condenser configured to condense the working fluid from the vapor state to a liquid state; and
a power generation conduit comprising a plurality of power generation stages, each power generation stage configured to generate electrical power using working fluid in the liquid state down-flowing from the elevated plant to the base plant;
wherein each of the plurality of the lift stages is coupled to corresponding each of the plurality of the power generation stages, each of the coupled plurality of lift stages configured to use waste heat generated from thermal fluid by each corresponding plurality of the power stages for heating the working fluid in the plurality of the lift stages.
2. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , further comprising each of the plurality lift stages comprising a thermal heater to heat the working fluid in the vapor state.
3. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of the lift stages each comprising:
a thermal heater to heat the working fluid in the vapor state; and
a vapor pump to move the working fluid upwardly in the lift conduit in the vapor state.
4. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , the working fluid comprising a fluorocarbon.
5. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , further comprising the plurality of the power generation stages each coupled to the corresponding lift stage, the plurality of the power generation stages each configured to provide the waste heat from the thermal fluid to the corresponding coupled lift stage to heat working fluid in the coupled lift stage.
6. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , further comprising a Stirling engine coupled to a cold source of the evaporator and a hot source of the evaporator, the Stirling engine configured to transfer heat between the cold source and the hot source and to generate power.
7. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , the evaporator comprising an expansion valve.
8. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , the evaporator comprising a heat exchanger coupled to a thermal circulation loop configured to cool a thermoelectric plant and the working fluid, the heat exchanger configured to transfer heat from the thermal circulation loop to the working fluid.
9. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , the condenser comprising a coil and a fan configured to condense the working fluid.
10. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , the elevated plant further comprising a compressor coupled to the condenser and configured to compress the working fluid to aid condensation in the condenser.
11. The thermal elevation system of claim 1 , the plurality of the power generation stages each comprising:
a penstock coupled to an inlet tank; and
a power generator coupled to the penstock; and
the power generator comprising a turbine configured to be driven by flowing working fluid fed by the penstock and an electric generator coupled to the turbine, the electric generator configured to be driven by the turbine to generate electricity.
12. The thermal elevation system of claim 6 , the cold source comprising the working fluid and the hot source comprising a thermal circulation loop configured to cool a thermoelectric plant.
13. A power generation station, comprising
a thermoelectric power plant configured to generate electricity,
a thermal elevation system coupled to the thermoelectric power plant, the thermal elevation system comprising:
a base plant comprising an evaporator coupled to the thermoelectric power plant, the evaporator configured to transfer the heat from a thermal fluid circulating between the thermoelectric power plant and the thermal elevation system to a working fluid circulating in the thermal elevation system;
a lift conduit coupled to the evaporator, the lift conduit configured to lift the working fluid to an elevated plant;
the elevated plant coupled to the lift conduit, the elevated plant comprising a condenser operable to condense the working fluid; and
a power generation stage coupled to the elevated plant and to the base plant, the power generation stage configured to generate power from the working fluid flowing from the elevated plant, further comprising a plurality of the power generation stages each coupled to a corresponding lift stage, the power generation stages each configured to provide waste heat from thermal fluid to the corresponding coupled lift stage to heat working fluid in the corresponding lift stage.
14. The power generation station of claim 13 , further comprising:
the lift conduit comprising the plurality of the lift stages each comprising a heater to heat the working fluid in the lift conduit; and
a power generator conduit comprising the plurality of the power generation stages.
15. The thermal elevation system of claim 13 , the working fluid comprising a fluorocarbon.
16. The thermal elevation system of claim 13 , the base plant further comprising a Stirling engine, the Stirling engine coupled to a working fluid source and a thermal circulation loop source, the Stirling engine configured to transfer heat between the thermal circulation loop source and the working fluid source to generate power.