Compact hydraulic manifold structure for shear sensitive fluids
A compact hydraulic manifold for transporting shear sensitive fluids is provided. A channel network can include a trunk and branch architecture coupled to a bifurcation architecture. Features such as tapered channel walls, curvatures and angles of channels, and zones of low fluid pressure can be used to reduce the size while maintaining wall shear rates within a narrow range. A hydraulic manifold can be coupled to a series of microfluidic layers to construct a compact microfluidic device.
1. A microfluidic device for processing blood comprising:
a first network of channels having a plurality of First Channels, each First Channel having a height in the range of about 50 microns to about 500 microns;
a second network of channels having at least one Second Channel complementary to one or more of the First Channels;
wherein the plurality of First Channels further comprises:
an input channel forming a primary channel, a plurality of secondary channels, and an outlet channel wherein
a width of the primary channel varies along the length of the primary channel such that an angle formed by a centerline of the primary channel and a wall of the primary channel is greater than zero degrees and less than or equal to about 45 degrees;
a first secondary channel connects to the primary channel at a first junction located at a first distance from a first end of the primary channel;
a second secondary channel connects to the primary channel at a second junction located at a second distance, greater than the first distance, from the first end of the primary channel;
at least one of the first and second secondary channels includes a curved portion directing flow away from the primary channel, the curved portion having a radius of curvature that is not less than its hydraulic diameter; and
at least one of the first and second secondary channels bifurcates into first and second tertiary channels at a third junction.
2. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , further comprising a filtration membrane separating a portion of the first network of channels from a portion of the second network of channels.
3. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of First Channels is located within a first substrate.
4. The microfluidic device of claim 3 , wherein the first substrate has a thickness of no less than 10 microns and no greater than 10 millimeters.
5. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , wherein the width of the primary channel varies smoothly along the length of the primary channel.
6. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , further comprising a flow divider for dividing fluid flow between the first and second tertiary channels, wherein the flow divider has a curved surface connecting to the walls of the first and second tertiary channel, and the radius of curvature of the flow divider is not greater than the hydraulic diameter of the at least one secondary channel.
7. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , wherein an angle formed by a centerline of at least one of the secondary channels and a downstream portion of the centerline of the primary channel measures between one and sixty degrees.
8. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , wherein the walls of the primary channel are disposed at an angle of no greater than thirty degrees with respect to the direction of fluid flow through the primary channel.