Colour 3-dimensional printing with 3D gamut mapping
Provided is a Layered Object Manufacturing, LOM, system configured to form a colored three-dimensional (3D) object, the system comprising: a 3D object gamut mapping module configured to define a 3D object formed from a plurality of surfaces and provide a printing regime consistent with the defined 3D object, wherein the 3D object gamut mapping module is configured to analyze the orientation of a surface of each of a plurality of media layers to be printed in order to adaptively modify the color printed to that layer; and a printer configured to color print at least a portion of a first surface of each of the plurality of layers in accordance with the printing regime. Also provided is a color 3D object media layer printing module for providing a print-through region in a 3D object media layer. Also provided is a 3D object gamut mapping method, and ink for use in a Layer Object Manufacturing (LOM) system including the printing module.
1. A Layered Object Manufacturing, LOM, system configured to form a coloured three-dimensional (3D) object, the system comprising:
a. a 3D object gamut mapping module configured to define a 3D object formed from a plurality of surfaces and provide a printing regime consistent with the defined 3D object, wherein the 3D object gamut mapping module is configured to analyse the orientation of a surface of each of a plurality of media layers of a finished 3D object to be printed and identify where a dependency exists between the angle of a surface of the defined 3D object and the colour to be applied to that surface in order to adaptively modify the intensity of a colour printed to that layer to normalize the overall colour intensity of all surfaces of the 3D object where a dependency exists between the angle of a surface of the defined 3D object and the colour to be applied to that surface; and
b. a printer configured to colour print at least a portion of a first surface of each of the plurality of layers in accordance with the printing regime.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the system further comprises a collator configured to assemble the plurality of individual media layers to form the 3D object.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the printer and collator are configured such that the printer effects printing of an individual media layer prior to a collation of that layer with a previously printed layer.
4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the printer is configured to apply the colour prior to collation.
5. The system of claim 2 , wherein the printer is configured to apply the colour during the collation.
6. The system of claim 2 , wherein the collator comprises a bonding module configured to bond individual ones of the plurality of media layers.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the bonding module is configured to use a water-based adhesive.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the printer is configured to print a second surface of each of the media layers.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the printing on first and second surfaces operably reduces image bleed and preserves colour accuracy regardless of angle of the object's surface.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the printer is configured to apply multiple colours to at least a portion of the first surface of each of the plurality of layers.
11. The system of claim 1 comprising a profiling module configured to effect a profiling of individual ones of the plurality of media layers to effect a desired 3D shape within the 3D object.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the 3D object gamut mapping module is configured to interface with the profiling module to operably identify individual edge surfaces of the 3D object, and to selectively effect an application of colour to those edge surfaces.
13. The system of claim 1 wherein the 3D object gamut mapping module is configured to identify within the 3D object individual ones of the plurality of surfaces.
14. The system claim 1 wherein the printing regime defines an ink for each of the plurality of layers.
15. The system of claim 1 wherein the 3D object gamut mapping module is configured to define a media type for each of the plurality of layers, the system being configured to use the defined media types when forming the 3D object.
16. The system of claim 1 configured to define an ink and media set for each of the plurality of layers.
17. The system of claim 16 wherein the 3D object gamut mapping module is configured to determine a mapping function empirically for each ink and/or media type employed by using at least one calibration 3D object.
18. The system of claim 17 configured to receive data representative of measurements of a number of 3D test pieces, the measurements including data reflective of varying wall angles as measured using a colour measurement device and an illuminant.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the colour measurement device comprises a colorimeter.
20. The system of claim 17 , wherein the mapping function comprises a linear mapping function, a polynomial mapping function or an irregular mapping function.
21. The system of claim 20 wherein, when the mapping function comprises an irregular mapping function, the mapping function is determined using a look-up-table, LUT.
22. The system of claim 1 configured to effect a colour mixing between a printer ink and a natural colour of the media layer in determination of the printing regime.