Devices, systems, and methods for visualizing an occluded vessel
Embodiments of the present disclosure are configured to visualize severe blockages in a vessel and, in particular, chronic total occlusions in blood vessels. In some particular embodiments, the devices, systems, and methods of the present disclosure are configured to visualize the blockage to facilitate safe crossing of the blockage.
1. An imaging device for use in imaging a severe occlusion of a vessel of a patient, the device comprising:
an flexible elongate body having proximal portion and a distal portion, the distal portion defining a distal tip having a tapered portion that tapers to a smaller diameter as the distal tip extends distally along a longitudinal axis of the flexible elongate body, wherein the tapered portion of the distal tip has a length less than 5 mm as measured along the longitudinal axis of the flexible elongate body, and wherein a lumen extends through at least the tapered portion of the distal tip to define an opening in the distal tip; and
an array of imaging elements coupled to the distal portion of the flexible elongate body in an annular configuration proximal of the tapered portion of the distal tip such that the array of imaging elements is disposed adjacent the tapered portion of the distal tip and positioned 5 mm or less from a distal most end of the distal tip.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the array of imaging elements includes at least 16 imaging elements.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the array of imaging elements includes at least 64 imaging elements.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the array of imaging elements is configured for side-looking imaging.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the array of imaging elements is configured for forward-looking imaging.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the imaging device is an ultrasound device and wherein the imaging elements include ultrasound transducers.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the imaging device is an optical coherence tomography device and wherein the imaging elements include an optical fiber or a reflector.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the lumen is in communication with an opening in a sidewall of the flexible elongate body such that the imaging device is configured as a rapid-exchange catheter.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the lumen extends along a full length of the flexible elongate body such that the imaging device is configured as an over-the-wire catheter.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the lumen is coaxial with at least the distal portion of the flexible elongate body.
11. The device of claim 1 , wherein the lumen is offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the flexible elongate body.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the lumen is sized and shaped to receive a guidewire.
13. The device of claim 12 , wherein the lumen has a diameter configured to receive a guidewire having an outer diameter of 0.014″ or 0.018″.
14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the tapered portion has a constant taper.
15. The device of claim 1 , wherein the tapered portion has a variable taper.
16. The device of claim 1 , wherein the distal tip has a length less than 3 mm as measured along the longitudinal axis of the flexible elongate body and wherein the array of imaging elements is disposed adjacent the tapered portion of the distal tip and positioned 3 mm or less from a distal most end of the distal tip.
17. The device of claim 1 , wherein the distal portion includes at least one marker visible using non-invasive imaging techniques.
18. The device of claim 17 , wherein the at least one marker is a radiopaque marker.
19. The device of claim 17 , wherein the distal portion includes at least two markers visible using non-invasive imaging techniques.