Water soluble compositions incorporating enzymes, and method of making same
Disclosed herein are water soluble compositions, such as films, including a mixture of a first water-soluble resin, an enzyme, and an enzyme stabilizer which comprises a functional substrate for the enzyme, methods of making such compositions, and methods of using such compositions, e.g. to make packets containing functional ingredients. The enzymes can include proteases and mixtures of proteases with other enzymes, and the compositions provide good retention of enzyme function following film processing and storage.
1. A water soluble film, comprising a water soluble mixture of:
a water soluble resin, an enzyme selected from the group consisting of cellulase and mannanase, and an enzyme substrate for said enzyme; wherein when the enzyme is a cellulase, the enzyme substrate is selected from the group consisting of a cellulose and methyl cellulose; and when the enzyme is a mannanase, the substrate is selected from the group consisting of a mannan and guar gum; and wherein the enzyme substrate is not the same as the water soluble resin.
2. The water soluble film according to claim 1 , wherein the water soluble resin consists of a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate/methyl acrylate terpolymer.
3. The water soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising a second enzyme in the film.
4. The water soluble film according to claim 1 , wherein the total amount of enzyme included in the water soluble film is at least about 0.1 phr.
5. The water soluble film according to claim 1 , wherein the enzyme substrate is present in the film in an amount of at least about 2 phr to about 8 phr.
6. The water soluble film according to claim 1 , wherein the water soluble resin is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohols, water-soluble acrylate copolymers, polyacrylates, polyacryamides, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, pullulan, guar gum, xanthan gum, carrageenan, starch, ethoxylated starch, hydroxypropylated starch, poly(sodium acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate), copolymers thereof, and combinations of any of the forgoing.
7. The water soluble film according claim 6 , wherein the water soluble resin is present in the water soluble film in an amount of at least about 35 wt % to about 90 wt %, based on the total weight of the film.
8. The water soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising a plasticizer.
9. The water soluble film according to claim 8 , wherein the plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, glycerol, diglycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, diethyleneglycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethyleneglycol, polyethylene glycols up to MW 400, 2 methyl-1,3-propanediol, lactic acid, monoacetin, triacetin, triethyl citrate, 1,3-butanediol, trimethylolpropane (TMP), polyether triol, and combinations thereof.
10. The water soluble film according to claim 9 , wherein the plasticizer or combination of plasticizers is present in an amount of at least about 25 phr.
11. The water soluble film according to claim 1 , further comprising a surfactant.
12. The water soluble film according to claim 11 , wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting dialkyl sulfosuccinate, lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol, lactylic esters of fatty acids, sodium alkyl sulfates, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 65, polysorbate 80, alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers, lecithin, acetylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, acetylated esters of fatty acids, myristyl dimethylamine oxide, trimethyl tallow alkyl ammonium chloride, quaternary ammonium compounds, salts thereof, and combinations of any of the forgoing.
13. The water soluble film according to claim 11 , wherein the surfactant is present in the water soluble film in an amount of at least about 0.05 phr.
14. The water soluble film according to claim 1 , wherein the enzyme activity recovery in the film after formation is at least 70% of the original enzyme activity in the enzyme composition raw material used to make the film.
15. A method of forming a water soluble film, comprising providing a solution comprising a water soluble resin, an enzyme selected from the group consisting of cellulase and mannanase, and an enzyme substrate for said enzyme; wherein when the enzyme is a cellulase, the enzyme substrate is selected from the group consisting of a cellulose and methyl cellulose; and when the enzyme is a mannanase, the substrate is selected from the group consisting of a mannan and guar gum;
casting the solution onto a surface preheated to a temperature less than 77° C.;
drying the water from the cast solution over a period of less than 24 hours, to form a water soluble film.
16. The water soluble film according to claim 3 , wherein the second enzyme is different from the first enzyme and is selected from the group consisting of amylase, lipase, protease, oxido-reductase, cellulase, mannanase, and combinations thereof.
17. A water soluble film, the film comprising a water soluble mixture of:
a water soluble resin, an enzyme selected from the group consisting of cellulase and mannanase, and an enzyme substrate for said enzyme; wherein when the enzyme is a cellulase, the enzyme substrate is selected from the group consisting of a cellulose and methyl cellulose; and when the enzyme is a mannanase, the substrate is selected from the group consisting of a mannan and guar gum;
wherein the enzyme substrate is not the same as the water soluble resin, and
wherein the film exhibits an increase in enzyme recovery relative to a like film with no enzyme substrate included.
18. The water soluble film according to claim 6 , wherein the water soluble resin comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohols.