Cylinder liner

1. A cylinder liner comprising:

a plurality of as-cast projections formed on an exterior surface thereof, the plurality of as-cast projections including the following portions of projections:

(a) projections having a lightbulb-like shape, each of the projections having a lightbulb-like shape including a first diameter adjacent to the surface of the cylinder liner, a second diameter spaced apart from the first diameter and terminating at an end of the projection, and a third diameter therebetween less than the first and the second diameters;

(b) conjoined projections, each of the conjoined projections including a plurality of peaks, each peak sharing a shoulder with another peak; and

(c) vermicular projections, each of the vermicular projections having a non-circular cross-section substantially planar to the exterior surface, the vermicular projections including one of a C-shaped non-circular cross-section substantially planar to the exterior surface and an S-shaped non-circular cross-section substantially planar to the exterior surface.

2. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being conjoined projections includes one-quarter of a total number of the plurality of as-cast projections.

3. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being conjoined projections includes one-half of a total number of the plurality of as-cast projections.

4. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being conjoined projections includes three-quarters of a total number of the plurality of as-cast projections.

5. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the conjoined projections include conjoined projections having at least three peaks.

6. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the conjoined projections include conjoined projections having at least four peaks.

7. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of peaks vary in height by less than 25%.

8. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of peaks have a substantially similar height.

9. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of peaks have a height from 0.25 mm to 0.75 mm.

10. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein a lowest point of the shoulder shared between the peak and the another peak includes one-quarter of a height of one of the peak and the another peak.

11. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein a lowest point of the shoulder shared between the two peaks includes one-half of a height of one of the peak and the another peak.

12. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein a lowest point of the shoulder shared between the two peaks includes three-quarters of a height of one of the peak and the another peak.

13. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of as-cast projections includes from 10 as-cast projections per square centimeter to 100 as-cast projections per square centimeter.

14. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being conjoined projections includes from 10 conjoined projections per square centimeter to 100 conjoined projections per square centimeter.

15. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the non-circular cross-section is multi-lobed.

16. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the non-circular cross-section is elongate and curved.

17. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being vermicular projections includes one-quarter of a total number of the plurality of as-cast projections.

18. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being vermicular projections includes one-half of a total number of the plurality of as-cast projections.

19. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being vermicular projections includes three-quarters of a total number of the plurality of as-cast projections.

20. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being vermicular projections have a substantially similar height.

21. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being vermicular projections have a height from 0.25 mm to 0.75 mm.

22. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of as-cast projections includes from 10 as-cast projections per square centimeter to 100 as-cast projections per square centimeter.

23. The cylinder liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the as-cast projections being vermicular projections includes from 10 vermicular projections per square centimeter to 100 vermicular projections per square centimeter.

24. A cylinder liner comprising:

a plurality of as-cast vermicular projections formed on an exterior surface thereof, each of the as-cast vermicular projections having a non-circular cross-section substantially planar to the exterior surface, the as-cast vermicular projections including one of a C-shaped non-circular cross-section substantially planar to the exterior surface and an S-shaped non-circular cross-section substantially planar to the exterior surface;

wherein the as-cast vermicular projections have a substantially similar height from 0.25 mm to 0.75 mm.

25. A cylinder liner comprising:

a plurality of as-cast vermicular projections formed on an exterior surface thereof, each of the as-cast vermicular projections having a non-circular cross-section substantially planar to the exterior surface, the as-cast vermicular projections including one of a C-shaped non-circular cross-section substantially planar to the exterior surface and an S-shaped non-circular cross-section substantially planar to the exterior surface;

wherein the as-cast vermicular projections include from 10 as-cast vermicular projections per square centimeter to 100 as-cast vermicular projections per square centimeter.