Method and apparatus for monitoring battery state

1. A method of monitoring battery state, comprising:

collecting vibration information associated with a target battery, based on signals from one or more acceleration sensors attached to the target battery;

calculating a cumulative impact based on the vibration information associated with the target battery; and

estimating a degree of damage to the target battery based on the cumulative impact.

2. A method of monitoring battery state, comprising:

collecting vibration information based on a signal from an acceleration sensor;

calculating a cumulative impact based on the vibration information; and

estimating a degree of damage to a battery based on the cumulative impact, wherein the collecting of the vibration information further comprises:

monitoring the signal from the acceleration sensor;

extracting an acceleration sensor signal block for a predetermined period of time in response to an amplitude of the signal being greater than or equal to a predetermined first threshold value;

determining a frequency and an impact magnitude level of the acceleration sensor signal block; and

generating an impact profile based on the impact magnitude level and a number of events corresponding to a frequency band including the determined frequency.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the determining of the frequency and the impact magnitude level of the acceleration sensor signal block comprises:

converting the acceleration sensor signal block to a frequency domain;

selecting, from the frequency domain, a main impact response frequency at which a frequency response coefficient exceeds a predetermined second threshold value; and

determining the main impact response frequency to be the frequency of the acceleration sensor signal block.

4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the determining of the frequency and the impact magnitude level of the acceleration sensor signal block comprises:

calculating an average acceleration amplitude of the acceleration sensor signal block; and

selecting an impact magnitude level among a plurality of impact magnitude levels based on the average acceleration amplitude.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the calculating of the cumulative impact comprises:

calculating the cumulative impact based on an impact profile generated using the vibration information and based on a weighting profile.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the weighting profile is generated based on a frequency weighting profile indicating a degree of influence of a frequency band on the degree of damage, and an impact magnitude weighting profile indicating a degree of influence of an impact magnitude level on the degree of damage.

7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the calculating of the cumulative impact comprises:

calculating the cumulative impact by calculating an element-wise product between a matrix of the weighting profile and a matrix of the impact profile.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the estimating of the degree of damage comprises:

estimating a total magnitude of damage due to impacts using the cumulative impact.

9. A method of monitoring battery state, comprising:

collecting vibration information based on a signal from an acceleration sensor;

calculating a cumulative impact based on the vibration information;

estimating a degree of damage to a target battery based on the cumulative impact

measuring a degree of similarity between a pattern of reference sensing data obtained by sensing at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of a normal battery and a pattern of target sensing data obtained by sensing at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of the target battery; and

estimating a state of the target battery using the estimated degree of damage and the measured degree of similarity.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the estimating of the state of the target battery using the degree of damage and the degree of similarity comprises:

determining the target battery to be in an error state in response to the degree of similarity being determined to be less than a predetermined value; and

determining a contact fault as a cause of the error state based on the estimated degree of damage.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the estimating of the contact fault is performed using at least one machine learning classification model among a neural network, a support vector machine, and a decision tree model.

12. An apparatus for monitoring battery state, comprising:

a collector configured to collect vibration information associated with a target battery, based on signals from one or more acceleration sensors attached to the target battery;

an impact calculator configured to calculate a cumulative impact based on the vibration information associated with the target battery; and

a damage estimator configured to estimate a degree of damage to the target battery based on the cumulative impact.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the collector comprises:

a monitorer configured to monitor the signals;

a block extractor configured to extract an acceleration sensor signal block for a predetermined period of time in response to a corresponding amplitude of the acceleration sensor signals being greater than or equal to a predetermined first threshold value;

a determiner configured to determine a frequency and an impact magnitude level of the acceleration sensor signal block; and

a profile generator configured to generate an impact profile based on the impact magnitude level and a number of events corresponding to a frequency band including the determined frequency.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the determiner is configured to convert the acceleration sensor signal block to a frequency domain; select, from the frequency domain, a main impact response frequency at which a frequency response coefficient exceeds a predetermined second threshold value; and determine the main impact response frequency to be the frequency of the acceleration sensor signal block.

15. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the determiner is configured to calculate an average acceleration amplitude of the acceleration sensor signal block and select an impact magnitude level among a plurality of impact magnitude levels based on the average acceleration amplitude.

16. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the impact calculator is configured to calculate the cumulative impact based on an impact profile generated using the vibration information and based on a weighting profile.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the weighting profile is generated based on a frequency weighting profile indicating a degree of influence of a frequency band on the degree of damage and an impact magnitude weighting profile indicating a degree of influence of an impact magnitude level on the degree of damage.

18. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the damage estimator is configured to estimate a total magnitude of damage due to impacts using the cumulative impact.

19. The apparatus of claim 12 , further comprising:

a similarity measurer configured to measure a degree of similarity between a pattern of reference sensing data obtained by sensing at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of a normal battery and a pattern of target sensing data obtained by sensing at least one of a voltage, a current, and a temperature of the target battery; and

a state estimator configured to determine a state of the target battery using the estimated degree of damage and the measured degree of similarity.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the state estimator is configured to determine the target battery to be in an error state in response to the degree of similarity being determined to be less than a predetermined value, and determine a contact fault as a cause of the error state based on the estimated degree of damage.

21. An apparatus for monitoring battery state, comprising:

a processor configured to:

process signals received from one or more acceleration sensors to determine an impact magnitude level for an impact event associated with a target battery, the one or more acceleration sensors being attached to the target battery;

calculate a cumulative impact based on the impact magnitude level associated with the target battery; and

estimate a degree of damage to the target battery based on the cumulative impact.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the processor is configured to determine the impact magnitude level for the impact event by monitoring the signals received from the one or more acceleration sensors, extracting an acceleration sensor signal block in response to a corresponding amplitude of the signals being greater than or equal to a predetermined first threshold value, and determining the impact magnitude level of the acceleration sensor signal block by processing the signals from the acceleration sensor signal block.

23. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the processor is included in a chip configured to be mounted to an electronic control unit.