Axial thrust control for rotary compressors
Systems and methods are used to control operation of a rotary compressor of a refrigeration system to limit or prevent movement of rotors due to axial thrust loading resulting from rapid changes in speed of the rotors of the compressor. The operational profile of the motor is controlled to maintain acceleration torque and deceleration torque within predefined limits. The acceleration torque and deceleration torque are maintained within the predefined limits by controlling the speed of the motor, or by controlling the torque applied by the motor to the rotors during acceleration or deceleration.
1. A method to control operation of a rotary compressor of a refrigeration system, comprising:
receiving operational signals regarding operation of the rotary compressor of the refrigeration system;
determining an operating mode of the rotary compressor based upon the received operational signals;
selecting an acceleration/deceleration limit of the rotary compressor based upon the operating mode, wherein the acceleration/deceleration limit is based on acceleration and deceleration torques that limit axial movement of rotors of the rotary compressor; and
changing a speed of the rotary compressor while limiting acceleration/deceleration according the acceleration/deceleration limit.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
selecting the acceleration/deceleration limit further comprises selecting a starting acceleration limit for the rotary compressor in response to determining that the rotary compressor is in a start mode; and
changing the speed of the rotary compressor includes increasing the speed of the rotary compressor from a zero speed while limiting acceleration according to the starting acceleration limit.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
selecting the acceleration/deceleration limit further comprises selecting a running acceleration limit for the rotary compressor in response to determining that the rotary compressor is in an accelerating mode; and
changing the speed of the rotary compressor includes increasing the speed of the compressor from a current non-zero speed while limiting acceleration according to the running acceleration limit.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
selecting the acceleration/deceleration limit further comprises selecting a running deceleration limit for the rotary compressor in response to determining that the rotary compressor is in a decelerating mode; and
changing the speed of the rotary compressor includes decreasing the speed of the compressor from a current non-zero speed while limiting deceleration according to the running deceleration limit.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
selecting the acceleration/deceleration limit further comprises selecting a stopping deceleration limit for the rotary compressor in response to determining, that the rotary compressor is in a stop mode; and
changing the speed of the rotary compressor includes decreasing the speed of the rotary compressor to a zero speed while limiting deceleration according to the stopping deceleration limit.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein changing the speed of the rotary compressor includes controlling a frequency of a current to an electric motor driving the rotary compressor to limit a rate of change in speed of the electric motor according to the selected acceleration/deceleration limit.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein changing the speed of the rotary compressor includes changing an accelerating/decelerating torque of the compressor by controlling an amount of current to an electric motor driving the rotary compressor while limiting the accelerating/decelerating torque of the electric motor according to the selected acceleration/deceleration limit.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein selecting the acceleration/deceleration limit includes selecting the acceleration/deceleration limit from a starting acceleration limit, a running acceleration limit, a running deceleration limit, and a stopping deceleration limit that are stored in a memory of a controller based upon the operating mode of the rotary compressor.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein changing the speed of the rotary compressor includes controlling a frequency of a current from a variable frequency drive to an electric motor of the rotary compressor to limit a rate of change in a speed of the electric motor according to the selected acceleration/deceleration limit.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein changing the speed of the rotary compressor includes changing an accelerating/decelerating torque of rotors of the rotary compressor by controlling an amount of current from a variable frequency drive to an electric motor of the rotary compressor to limit the accelerating/decelerating torque of the electric motor according to the selected acceleration/deceleration limit.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the rotary compressor includes a permanent magnet electric motor to drive the rotary compressor and changing the speed of the rotary compressor includes adjusting a frequency of polyphase alternating current control signals to drive the permanent magnet motor according to the selected acceleration/deceleration limit.