Control system and method for controlling the orientation of a segment of a manipulator
A regulation system for controlling the orientation of a segment ( 5.3 ) of a manipulator, in particular of a large manipulator for truck-mounted concrete pumps, wherein the segment ( 5.3 ) is connected to a base ( 5.4 ) or a preceding segment ( 5.3 ) of the manipulator via a joint ( 5.5 ) and can be pivoted at the joint ( 5.5 ) relative to the base ( 5.4 ) or the preceding segment ( 5.3 ) about at least one axis of rotation by means of at least one actuating member ( 5.6 ), preferably a hydraulic actuating element, characterized in that the regulation system at least comprises: a first sensor ( 4.1 ), which is arranged on a segment ( 5.3 ) attached to the joint ( 5.5 ) and delivers a first measurement signal—referred to as a “deformation signal”—corresponding to a deformation of the segment ( 5.3 ), a second sensor ( 4.2, 4.3 ), which delivers a second measurement signal—referred to as an “orientation signal”—corresponding to the spatial orientation of the segment ( 5.3 ) attached to the joint ( 5.5 ), and at least one actuating element ( 5.6 ) associated with the joint ( 5.5 ); and is designed to process the deformation signal and the orientation signal as input variables and to determine from these, under consideration of a target orientation of the segment ( 5.3 ) associated with the joint ( 5.5 ), an actuating signal, which is fed to the associated actuating element ( 5.6 ).
1. A regulation system for reducing vibrations of a manipulator for truck-mounted concrete pumps, wherein a segment of the manipulator is connected to a base or a preceding segment of the manipulator via a joint and is pivotable at the joint relative to the base or the preceding segment about at least one axis of rotation by at least one actuating element, the regulation system comprising:
a first sensor comprising a deformation sensor, which is arranged on the segment attached to the joint and delivers a first measurement signal, which is a deformation signal corresponding to a deformation of the segment;
a second sensor comprising a spatial orientation sensor, which delivers a second measurement signal, which is an orientation signal corresponding to a spatial orientation of the segment attached to the joint;
wherein the at least one actuating element is associated with the joint,
wherein the regulation system is designed to process the deformation signal and the orientation signal as input variables and to determine from the deformation signal and the orientation signal, under consideration of a target orientation of the segment associated with the joint, an actuating signal, which is fed to the at least one actuating element,
wherein the deformation signal is used by the regulation system to reduce a vibration of the manipulator, and
wherein the orientation signal is used by the regulation system to reduce a drift movement of the manipulator, resulting from a reduction of the vibration, and
wherein the regulation system is configured to determine the actuating signal (u c (t)) by an additive junction of 1) a dynamic component (ε DMS (t)) of the deformation signal, the dynamic component being multiplied with a factor k 1 and 2) a deviation signal, the deviation signal representing a present deviation (sz(t)−szd(t)) of a measured position (sz(t)) of the at least one actuating element or the segment from a desired value (szd(t)) of the at least one actuating element or the segment, the present deviation being multiplied by a factor k 2 .
2. The regulation system of claim 1 , wherein the second sensor comprises a uniaxial or multiaxial rotation rate sensor in combination with a biaxial or triaxial acceleration sensor, of which one or more measurement signals are processed in order to determine the orientation signal.
3. The regulation system of claim 2 , wherein the second sensor comprises a triaxial rotation rate sensor in combination with a triaxial acceleration sensor.
4. The regulation system of claim 1 , wherein an observer, in particular an extended Kalman filter, is used to process the deformation signal and the orientation signal.
5. The regulation system of claim 1 , wherein the second sensor comprises an inertial sensor.
6. The regulation system of claim 5 , wherein the inertial sensor comprises an inertial measurement unit.
7. The regulation system of claim 1 , wherein a magnetic field sensor is used to determine a signal associated with the orientation of the segment.
8. The regulation system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor comprises a strain gauge or other strain sensor.
9. The regulation system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor is arranged on the segment in a position separate from the at least one actuating element.
10. A method for reducing vibrations of a manipulator for truck-mounted concrete pumps, wherein a segment of the manipulator is connected via a joint to a base or a preceding segment of the manipulator, wherein the segment can be pivoted at the joint relative to the base or the preceding segment about at least one axis of rotation by at least one actuating element, the method comprising:
obtaining in a first sensor comprising a deformation sensor, which is arranged on the segment attached to the joint, a first measurement signal, which is a deformation signal corresponding to a deformation of the segment;
obtaining in a second sensor comprising a spatial orientation sensor, a second measurement signal, which is an orientation signal corresponding to the spatial orientation of the segment attached to the joint;
using the deformation signal and the orientation signal as input variables under consideration of a target orientation of the segment attached to the joint to determine an actuating signal, comprising the steps of
using the deformation signal to reduce a vibration of the manipulator,
using the orientation signal to reduce a drift movement of the manipulator, resulting from a reduction of the vibration, and
determining the actuating signal (u c (t)) by an additive junction of 1) a dynamic component (ε DMS (t)) of the deformation signal, the dynamic component being multiplied with a factor k 1 and 2) a deviation signal, the deviation signal representing a present deviation (sz(t)−szd(t)) of a measured position (sz(t)) of the at least one actuating element or the segment from a desired value (szd(t)) of the at least one actuating element or the segment, the present deviation being multiplied by a factor k 2 ; and
feeding the actuating signal to the at least one actuating element attached to the joint.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the at least one actuating element is a hydraulic actuating member.