Quick 4D detection seismic survey

1. A method for monitoring a subsurface during a 4-dimensional (4D) survey, the method comprising:

obtaining a full survey of the subsurface;

identifying receiver and source locations and source frequencies to be emitted during light surveys based on demigration or inverse ray tracing of the full survey;

performing a light base survey according to the receiver and source locations and the source frequencies;

performing a light monitor survey according to the receiver and source locations and the source frequencies; and

generating an image of changes in the subsurface based on a comparison of (i) the light base survey, and (ii) the light monitor survey,

wherein any of the light surveys yields substantially less data than obtained during the full survey.

2. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein the identifying of the receiver and source locations includes:

generating a flow model of a reservoir in the subsurface based on the full survey;

identifying an area including the receiver and source locations based on the flow model, and

wherein the full survey uses over 100 source and sensor locations while the light monitor and light base surveys use less than 100 source and sensor locations, and the light monitor survey is conducted later in time than the light base survey.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light monitor or light base survey uses less than 50 source and sensor locations.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light monitor survey or light base survey uses less than 20 source and sensor locations.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light monitor or the light base survey uses less than 10 source and sensor locations.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein an extra-light monitor survey using only one source location and only one sensor location is performed instead of a new light monitor survey.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein a source at one of the source locations generates only a single frequency during the light monitor or the light base survey.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a source at one of the source locations generates several mono-frequencies during the light monitor survey.

9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

performing an additional light monitor survey, less than a week after the light monitor survey or a continuous monitoring.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the source frequencies are identified to optimize resolution in one or more target areas where a seismic wave propagation velocity and a signal-to-noise ratio are known from the full survey.

11. A computing device for monitoring a subsurface during a 4-dimensional (4D) survey, the computing device comprising:

an interface for

receiving a full survey of the subsurface,

obtaining first seismic data associated with a light base survey,

obtaining second seismic data associated with a light monitor survey, and

a processor connected to the interface and configured to

identify receiver and source locations and source frequencies to be emitted for light surveys based on demigration or inverse ray tracing of the full survey, and

generate an image of changes in the subsurface based on a comparison of (i) the first seismic data from the light base survey and (ii) the second seismic data from the light monitor survey

wherein any of the light surveys yields substantially less data than obtained during the full survey.

12. The computing device of claim 11 ,

wherein the processor generates a flow model of a reservoir in the subsurface based on the full survey, and identifyes an area including the receiver and source locations based on the flow model, and

wherein the full base survey uses over 100 source and sensor locations while the light monitor or the light base survey uses less than 100 source and sensor locations, and the light monitor survey is conducted later in time than the light base survey.

13. The computing device of claim 11 , wherein the light monitor or the light base survey uses less than 50 source and sensor locations.

14. The computing device of claim 11 , wherein the light monitor or the light base survey uses less than 20 source and sensor locations.

15. The computing device of claim 11 , wherein the light monitor or the light base survey uses less than 10 source and sensor locations.

16. The computing device of claim 11 , wherein an extra-light monitor survey using only one source location and only one sensor location is performed instead of a new light monitor survey.

17. The computing device of claim 11 , wherein a source at one of the source locations generates only a single frequency during the light monitor survey or the light base survey.

18. The computing device of claim 11 , wherein a source at one of the source locations generates several mono-frequencies during the light monitor survey or the light base survey.

19. A non-transitory computer readable medium including computer executable instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by a processor, implement instructions for monitoring a subsurface during a 4-dimensional (4D) survey, the instructions comprising:

obtaining a full survey of the subsurface;

identifying receiver and source locations and source frequencies to be emitted during light surveys based on demigration or inverse ray tracing of the full survey;

performing a light base survey according to the receiver and source locations and the source frequencies;

performing a light monitor survey according to the receiver and source locations and the source frequencies; and

generating an image of changes in the subsurface based on a comparison of (i) the light base survey and (ii) the light monitor survey,

wherein any light survey yields substantially less data than obtained during the full survey.

20. The medium of claim 19 , wherein the identifying of the receiver and source locations includes generating a flow model of a reservoir in the subsurface based on the full survey, and identifying an area including the receiver and source locations based on the flow model, and

wherein the full survey uses over 100 source and sensor locations while the light monitor or the light base survey uses less than 100 source and sensor locations.