Electrostatic discharge protection structure and fabrication method thereof
A method is provided for fabricating an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection structure. The method includes forming a substrate having a first region and a second region, wherein the first region and the second region have a preset distance; forming a well area in the substrate; forming a first fin portion in the substrate in the first region and a second fin portion in the substrate in the second region; forming a supporting gate structure, wherein the supporting gate structure includes a first supporting gate crossing the first fin portion and a second supporting gate crossing the second fin portion; forming a dielectric layer on the well area; and forming a conductive structure in the dielectric layer, wherein the conductive structure includes a first conductive structure connecting to the first fin portion and a second conductive structure connecting to the second fin portion.
1. An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection structure, comprising:
a substrate having a first region and a second region, wherein the first region and the second region are separated by a preset distance;
a well area formed in the substrate, wherein the well area covers the first region, the second region, and a region between the first region and the second region;
a first fin portion formed in the substrate in the first region and a second fin portion formed in the substrate in the second region, wherein the first fin portion has first-type doping ions and the second fin portion has second-type doping ions;
a dielectric layer, wherein the dielectric layer covers the well area between the first region and the second region, the first fin portion, and the second fin portion;
a supporting gate structure formed in the dielectric layer, wherein the supporting gate structure includes a first supporting gate crossing the first fin portion and covering portions of top and side surfaces of the first fin portion, and a second supporting gate crossing the second fin portion and covering portions of top and side surfaces of the second fin portion;
a conductive structure formed in the dielectric layer, wherein the conductive structure includes a first conductive structure connecting to the first fin portion and being configured to connect to a first bias voltage, and a second conductive structure connecting to the second fin portion and being configured to connect to a second bias voltage, and the first bias voltage and the second bias voltage are not equal to one another;
a first conductive layer formed on the dielectric layer and a top surface of the first supporting gate; and
a second conductive layer formed on the dielectric layer and a top surface of the second supporting gate.
2. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first conductive structure crosses the first fin portion, and the first conductive structure covers portions of top and side surfaces of the first fin portion; and
the second conductive structure crosses the second fin portion, and the second conductive structure covers portions of top and side surfaces of the second fin portion.
3. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first conductive structure and the first supporting gate are arranged in parallel; and
the second conductive structure and the second supporting gate are arranged in parallel.
4. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
a number of the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure is more than one;
a number of the first supporting gate and the second supporting gate is more than one;
the first conductive structure and the first supporting gate are alternately arranged; and
the second conductive structure and the second supporting gate are alternately arranged.
5. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first supporting gate is electrically connected to the first bias voltage; and
the second supporting gate is electrically connected to the second bias voltage.
6. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein
the first conductive layer receiving the first bias voltage; and
the second conductive layer receiving the second bias voltage.
7. The ESD protection structure according to claim 6 , wherein:
the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are bar-shaped;
the first supporting gate and the first conductive structure are arranged in parallel, and the first conductive layer is vertically arranged with the first supporting gate and the first conductive structure; and
the second supporting gate and the second conductive structure are arranged in parallel, and the second conductive layer is vertically arranged with the second supporting gate and the second conductive structure.
8. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the second region surrounds the first region.
9. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first region is a square-shaped region; and
the second region is a square annular-shaped region.
10. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the preset distance between the first region and the second region is in a range of approximately 0.2-1 um.
11. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the supporting gate structure is a dummy gate;
the supporting gate structure is made of polysilicon; or
the supporting gate structure is a polysilicon gate or a metal gate.
12. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , further including:
a first epitaxial layer formed in the first fin portion at both sides of the first supporting gate, wherein the first epitaxial layer has the first-type doping ions;
a second epitaxial layer formed in the second fin portion at both sides of the second supporting gate, wherein the second epitaxial layer has the second-type doping ions;
the first conductive structure connects to the first fin portion through the first epitaxial layer; and
the second conductive structure connects to the second fin portion through the second epitaxial layer.
13. The ESD protection structure according to claim 12 , wherein
the first supporting gate divides the first epitaxial layer into many small-area epitaxial layers; and
the second supporting gate divides the second epitaxial layer into many small-area epitaxial layers.
14. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first epitaxial layer is an “Σ” shaped epitaxial layer made of silicon and germanium materials; and
the second epitaxial layer is a square-shaped epitaxial layer made of silicon and carbon materials.
15. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first-type doping ions are P-type ions;
the second-type doping ions are N-type ions; and
the well area is an N-type well area.
16. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first region is configured to form a first anode connected to a ground;
the second region is configured to form a second anode connected to the ground.
17. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein forming the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer comprising:
forming a conductive material layer on the dielectric layer;
forming a mask on the conductive material layer, where the mask is configured to define the position and dimensions of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer; and
etching the conductive material layer until the surface of the dielectric layer is exposed to form the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.
18. The ESD protection structure according to claim 1 , wherein:
the second region is parallel to the first region.