Platforms for cell-free protein synthesis comprising extracts from genomically recoded
The invention relates to genomically recoded organisms, platforms for preparing sequence defined biopolymers in vitro comprising a cellular extract from a genomically recorded organism, and methods for preparing sequence defined biopolymers in vitro are described. In particular, the invention relates to genomically recoded organisms comprising a strain deficient in release factor 1 (RF-1) or a genetic homolog thereof and at least one of at least one additional genetic knock-out mutation, at least one additional upregulated gene product, or both at least one additional knock-out mutation and at least one additional upregulated gene product.
1. A platform for preparing a sequence defined biopolymer or a protein in vitro, the platform comprising a cellular extract from a genomically recoded E. coli strain comprising:
(i) a genetic knock-out mutation in release factor 1 (RF-1) or a genetic homolog thereof; and
(ii) a genetic knock-out mutation in endA.
2. The platform of claim 1 , wherein the strain is (a) E. coli strain C321.ΔprfA, (b) E. coli strain rec13.ΔprfA, or a derivative of either (a) or (b), further modified to comprise the genetic knock-out mutations as defined in (i) and (ii).
3. The platform of claim 1 , wherein the cellular extract from the strain is capable of preparing a sequence defined biopolymer or a protein in greater yield and/or purity than a strain that does not have the genetic knock-out mutations as defined in (i) and (ii).
4. The platform of claim 1 , wherein the sequence defined biopolymer or the protein comprises a product prepared from the platform that includes at least 5 unnatural amino acids.
5. The platform of claim 1 further comprising an orthogonal translation system component configured to incorporate unnatural amino acids.
6. The platform of claim 5 , wherein the orthogonal translation system component is expressed from a plasmid present in the genomically recoded strain, expressed from an integration site in the genome of the genetically recoded strain, co-expressed from both a plasmid present in the genomically recoded strain and an integration site in the genome of the genetically recoded strain, expressed in an in vitro transcription and translation reaction, or added exogenously.
7. The platform of claim 1 further comprising T7 RNA polymerase.
8. The platform of claim 7 , wherein the T7 RNA polymerase is expressed from a plasmid present in the genetically recoded strain or an integration site in the genome of the genetically recoded strain.
9. The platform of claim 1 , wherein the cellular extract from the genomically recoded strain is a component in a reaction mixture.
10. A method for cell-free protein synthesis of a sequence defined biopolymer or a protein in vitro, the method comprising contacting a RNA template encoding the sequence defined biopolymer with a reaction mixture comprising the platform of claim 1 .
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the cellular extract from the strain of the genomically recoded strain is capable of preparing the sequence defined biopolymer or the protein in greater yield and/or purity than a strain that (i) is not deficient in release factor 1 (RF-1), and (ii) is not deficient in endA.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the sequence defined biopolymer or the protein comprises a product prepared from the method that includes at least 5 unnatural amino acids.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the sequence defined biopolymer encoded by the RNA template comprises at least 5 unnatural amino acids and wherein a product prepared from the method includes at least 80% of the encoded unnatural amino acids.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the sequence defined biopolymer encoded by the RNA template comprises at least 5 unnatural amino acids and wherein at least 80% of a plurality of products prepared from the method include 100% of the encoded unnatural amino acids.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein at least 80% of a plurality of products prepared from the method are full length.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein the sequence defined biopolymer or the protein encodes a therapeutic product, a diagnostic product, a biomaterial product, an adhesive product, a biocomposite product, or an agricultural product.
17. A platform for preparing a sequence defined biopolymer or a protein in vitro, the platform comprising a cellular extract from a genomically recoded E. coli strain comprising a genetic knock-out mutation in release factor 1 (RF-1) or a genetic homolog thereof and the genomically recoded strain further comprising at least one additional upregulated gene product, wherein the at least one addition upregulated gene product improves energy supply, chaperone levels, translation function, ribosome recycling, or any combination thereof, and the at least one additional upregulated gene product comprises a member selected from the group consisting of ackA, ndk, pykF, cdd, dsbC, dnaK, dnaJ, crpE, tig, groS, groL, infA, infB, fusA, efp, lepA, tufB, hslR, ffr, and any combination thereof.
18. The platform of claim 17 , wherein the strain is (a) E. coli strain C321.ΔprfA, (b) E. coli strain rec13.ΔprfA, or a derivative of either (a) or (b)), further modified to comprise the at least one additional upregulated gene product.
19. The platform of claim 17 , wherein a cellular extract from the strain is capable of preparing a sequence defined biopolymer or a protein in greater yield and/or purity than a strain that (i) is not deficient in release factor 1 (RF-1), and (ii) does not have the at least one additional upregulated gene product.
20. The platform of claim 17 , wherein the at least one additional upregulated gene product improves chaperone levels or translation function.
21. A method for cell-free protein synthesis of a sequence defined biopolymer or a protein in vitro, the method comprising contacting a RNA template encoding the sequence defined biopolymer with a reaction mixture comprising the platform of claim 17 .
22. A platform for preparing a sequence defined biopolymer or a protein in vitro, the platform comprising a cellular extract from a genomically recoded E. coli strain comprising:
(i) a genetic knock-out mutation in release factor 1 (RF-1) or a genetic homolog thereof;
(ii) a genetic knock-out mutation in endA; and
(iii) a genetic knock-out mutation in a gene selected from the group consisting of mazF, ma, mb, rne, gor, Ion, ompT, gdhA, gshA, sdaA, sdaB, speA, WaaL, tnaA, glpK, and any combination thereof.
23. A platform for preparing a sequence defined biopolymer or a protein in vitro, the platform comprising a cellular extract from a genomically recoded E. coli strain comprising:
(i) a genetic knock-out mutation in release factor 1 (RF-1) or a genetic homolog thereof;
(ii) a genetic knock-out mutation in endA; and
(iii) a genetic knock-out mutation in a gene selected from the group consisting of mazF, rne, gor, and a combination thereof.