Calibrating listening devices

1. A method of calibrating a listening device configured to be worn on a head of a user, wherein the listening device includes an earphone that defines a cavity having an inner surface, and wherein a first transducer is disposed proximate to the inner surface, the method comprising:

calculating in realtime a first head related transfer function (HRTF) of a first part of an anatomy of the user using the listening device while the listening device is worn on the head;

calculating in realtime a second HRTF of a second part of the anatomy, wherein the second part of the anatomy differs from the first part of the anatomy, wherein neither of the first and second HRTFs is a predetermined HRTF, and wherein calculating the second HRTF further comprises:

emitting an audio signal from the first transducer;

receiving a portion of the audio signal at a second transducer in fluid communication with the cavity; and

calculating the second HRTF using a difference between the audio signal from the first transducer and the portion of the audio signal at the second transducer;

automatically combining portions of the first HRTF and the second HRTF to generate a composite HRTF of the user, wherein the composite HRTF is personalized to the first part and the second part of the anatomy; and

automatically calibrating the listening device for the user based on the composite HRTF.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first HRTF comprises determining or estimating a shape of the user's head.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the listening device includes a first earphone having a first transducer and a second earphone having a second transducer, wherein calculating the first HRTF comprises emitting an audio signal from the first transducer and receiving a portion of the emitted audio signal at the second transducer to determine user head size.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the first HRTF comprises determining an interaural time difference (ITD) or an interaural level distance (ILD) of an audio signal emitted from a position proximate the user's head.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

automatically determining a third HRTF of a third part of the user's anatomy,

wherein the first and third parts of the user's anatomy comprise respectively the user's left ear and right ear, and

wherein the second part of the user's anatomy comprises a portion of the user's neck or torso.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the listening device includes an earphone having an inner surface comprising a material with an absorption coefficient between about 0.40 and 1.0 inclusive.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the first HRTF comprises a first HRTF modality, and wherein calculating the second HRTF comprises a different, second HRTF modality.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the listening device includes an earphone coupled to a headband, and wherein calculating the first HRTF further comprises:

receiving positional signals indicative of movement of the earphone from a first position to a second position relative to the headband to determine anatomical features of the user to create a portion of the first HRTF.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the second HRTF further comprises:

emitting sounds from a transducer spaced apart from the listener's ear in a non-anechoic environment; and

receiving sounds at a transducer positioned on a body configured to be worn in an opening of an ear canal of at least one of the user's ears.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the listening device includes an earphone, and wherein calculating the first HRTF further comprises:

receiving sound energy at one or more transducers on the earphone when worn on the head when the user is in a non-anechoic, natural listening environment; and

using the received sound energy to determine the first HRTF.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the first HRTF further comprises:

receiving signals from a sensor on an earphone and/or a headband of the listening device to determine the users head size to create a portion of the first HRTF,

wherein the sensor comprises at least one accelerometer and at least one gyroscope, and

wherein the first HRTF is used to modify audio playback via the listening device.

12. A method of calibrating a listening device configured to be worn on a head of a user, the method comprising:

automatically determining a first head related transfer function (HRTF) of a first part of the user's anatomy using the listening device while the listening device is worn on the user's head,

wherein automatically determining the first HRTF further comprises:

receiving a first photograph of the user's head without a headset;

receiving a second photograph of the user's head having the headset worn thereon;

identifying at least a portion of the user's head in the first photograph;

identifying automatically at least a first portion of the headset in the second photograph; and

calibrating the first photograph using at least the first portion of the headset in the second paragraph;

automatically determining a second HRTF of a second part of the user's anatomy,

wherein the second part of the user's anatomy differs from the first part of the user's anatomy;

automatically combining portions of the first and second HRTFs to generate a composite HRTF of the user,

wherein the composite HRTF is personalized to the first and second parts of the user's anatomy; and,

automatically calibrating the listening device for the user based on the composite HRTF.