Enhancing coexistence on unlicensed frequency bands using adaptive clear-to-send-to-self messages

1. A method for implementation by a base station that operates according to a first radio access technology (RAT) that requires synchronization on timing synchronization boundaries, the method comprising:

acquiring a channel of an unlicensed frequency band at an acquisition time;

generating a clear-to-send message that is decodable by access points that operate according to a second RAT that does not require synchronization on the timing synchronization boundaries; and

transmitting the clear-to-send message during a first time interval between the acquisition time and a first timing synchronization boundary, wherein the clear-to-send message includes information indicating a duration of a channel reservation for the acquired channel, and wherein the duration is equal to the first time interval plus a second time interval between the first timing synchronization boundary and a second timing synchronization boundary.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second timing synchronization boundary is separated from the first timing synchronization boundary by at least one third timing synchronization boundary.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the timing synchronization boundaries include at least one of a frame boundary, a subframe boundary, and a partial subframe boundary.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

measuring a signal strength of a beacon signal received from an access point that operates according to the second RAT; and

transmitting the clear-to-send message in response to the measured signal strength exceeding a threshold signal strength.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining a transmission power for the clear-to-send message based on signals received from access points on the channel of the unlicensed frequency band, and

wherein transmitting the clear-to-send message comprises transmitting the clear-to-send message at the transmission power.

6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:

determining path losses to the access points based on the received signals, and

wherein determining the transmission power comprises determining the transmission power based on the path losses.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein determining the transmission power comprises:

identifying a first subset of the access points that have path losses below a threshold and a second subset of the access points that have path losses above the threshold; and

determining the transmission power so that the first subset of access points receives the clear-to-send message at a signal strength above a minimum signal strength for decoding and the second subset of access points receives the clear-to-send message at a signal strength below the minimum signal strength for decoding.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein transmitting the clear-to-send message comprises transmitting the clear-to-send message as part of a preamble that is generated in accordance with the first RAT and is not decodable by the access point that operates according to the second RAT.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein transmitting the clear-to-send message comprises transmitting the clear-to-send message towards user equipment that are configured to forward the clear-to-send message.

10. A base station that operates according to a first radio access technology (RAT) that requires synchronization on timing synchronization boundaries, the base station comprising:

a transceiver configured to operate using a channel of an unlicensed frequency band; and

a processor configured to generate a clear-to-send message that is decodable by access points that operate according to a second RAT that does not require synchronization on the timing synchronization boundaries, wherein the transceiver is configured to transmit the clear-to-send message during a first time interval between an acquisition time of the channel and a first timing synchronization boundary, wherein the clear-to-send message includes information indicating a duration of a channel reservation for the acquired channel, and wherein the duration is equal to the first time interval plus a second time interval between the first timing synchronization boundary and a second timing synchronization boundary.

11. The base station of claim 10 , wherein the second timing synchronization boundary is separated from the first timing synchronization boundary by at least one third timing synchronization boundary.

12. The base station of claim 10 , wherein the timing synchronization boundaries include at least one of a frame boundary, a subframe boundary, and a partial subframe boundary.

13. The base station of claim 10 , wherein the transceiver is further configured to:

measure a signal strength of a beacon signal received from an access point that operates according to the second RAT; and

transmit the clear-to-send message in response to the measured signal strength exceeding a threshold signal strength.

14. The base station of claim 10 , wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine a transmission power for the clear-to-send message based on signals received from access points on the channel of the unlicensed frequency band, and

wherein the transceiver is configured to transmit the clear-to-send message at the transmission power.

15. The base station of claim 14 , wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine path losses to the access points based on the received signals and determine the transmission power based on the path losses.

16. The base station of claim 15 , wherein the processor is further configured to identify a first subset of the access points that have path losses below a threshold and a second subset of the access points that have path losses above the threshold, and wherein the processor is further configured to determine the transmission power so that the first subset of access points receives the clear-to-send message at a signal strength above a minimum signal strength for decoding and the second subset of access points receives the clear-to-send message at a signal strength below the minimum signal strength for decoding.

17. The base station of claim 10 , wherein the transceiver is configured to transmit the clear-to-send message as part of a preamble that is generated in accordance with the first RAT and is not decodable by the access point that operates according to the second RAT.

18. The base station of claim 10 , wherein the transceiver is configured to transmit the clear-to-send message towards user equipment that are configured to forward the clear-to-send message.

19. A method for implementation by a base station that operates according to a first radio access technology (RAT) that requires synchronization on timing synchronization boundaries, the method comprising:

acquiring a channel of an unlicensed frequency band at an acquisition time;

determining a first time interval between the acquisition time and a first timing synchronization boundary; and

sequentially transmitting one or more clear-to-send messages during the time interval, wherein the one or more clear-to-send messages are decodable by access points that operate according to a second RAT that does not require synchronization on the timing synchronization boundaries, wherein the one or more clear-to-send messages include information indicating a duration of a channel reservation for the acquired channel, and wherein the duration is equal to the first time interval plus a second time interval between the first timing synchronization boundary and a second timing synchronization boundary.

20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising:

transmitting data according to the first RAT on the unlicensed frequency band beginning at the second timing synchronization boundary.