Systems and methods for applying reduced pressure therapy
Embodiments of negative pressure wound therapy systems and methods for operating the systems are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system includes a negative pressure source, a wound dressing configured to be positioned over a wound, and optionally a canister configured to store fluid aspirated from the wound. The negative pressure source, wound dressing, and canister (when present) can be fluidically connected to facilitate delivery of negative pressure to the wound. The system can be configured to automatically detect whether the canister is positioned in the fluid flow path between the negative pressure source and the dressing while negative pressure source provides negative pressure to the wound dressing. Operation of the system can be adjusted based on whether presence of the canister has been detected. For example, a value of an operational parameter can be set to indicate that the canister is present.
1. An apparatus for applying negative pressure to a wound, comprising:
a negative pressure source configured to provide, via a fluid flow path comprising at least one lumen, negative pressure under a dressing placed over a wound; and
a controller configured to:
detect status of a parameter associated with a canister being positioned in the fluid flow path between the negative pressure source and the dressing, the canister being configured to store fluid removed from the wound,
in response to detecting that the parameter indicates that the canister is positioned in the fluid flow path, operate the negative pressure source to provide negative pressure under the dressing according to a first mode of operation, and
in response to detecting that the parameter indicates that the canister is not positioned in the fluid flow path, operate the negative pressure source to provide negative pressure under the dressing according to a second mode of operation different from the first mode of operation.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to set the parameter associated with the canister being positioned in the fluid flow path while the negative pressure source is maintaining negative pressure under the dressing within a negative pressure range.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to set the parameter associated with the canister being positioned in the fluid flow path without determining a pressure under the dressing and a flow rate of fluid in the fluid flow path, or wherein the controller is configured to set the parameter associated with the canister being positioned in the fluid flow path without using a direct measurement of an operating speed of the negative pressure source.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to set the parameter associated with the canister being positioned in the fluid flow path based at least on a level of activity of the negative pressure source and a first change in negative pressure provided by the negative pressure source to the dressing.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the first change in negative pressure comprises one of (i) an average change in negative pressure between a maximum overshoot pressure and an upper hysteresis point pressure over a first time period while the negative pressure source is maintaining negative pressure under the dressing within the negative pressure range or (ii) an average change in negative pressure between the upper hysteresis point pressure and a lower hysteresis point pressure over a second time period while the negative pressure source is maintaining negative pressure under the dressing within the negative pressure range, and wherein:
the lower hysteresis point comprises pressure measured at a time when the negative pressure source is activated to restore pressure under the dressing to be within the negative pressure range,
the upper hysteresis point pressure comprises pressure measured at a time when the negative pressure source is deactivated after pressure under the dressing is restored to be within the negative pressure range, and
the maximum overshoot pressure comprises a maximum negative pressure measured after the negative pressure source is deactivated and before the negative pressure source is reactivated.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the controller is further configured to set the parameter associated with the canister being positioned in the fluid flow path based at least on a second change in negative pressure provided by the negative pressure source to the dressing, the second change in negative pressure being different from the first change in negative pressure.
7. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the controller is further configured to determine the level of activity of the negative pressure source based at least on a duty cycle of the negative pressure source.
8. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the controller is further configured to determine the first change in negative pressure from a pressure measured at a pump head of the negative pressure source.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
in the first mode of operation, activate an alarm based at least on a comparison between the level of activity of the negative pressure source and a first activity threshold, and
in the second mode of operation, activate the alarm based at least on a comparison between the level of activity of the negative pressure source and a second activity threshold different from the first activity threshold.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the alarm is indicative of a blockage in the fluid flow path or wherein the alarm is indicative of a leak in the fluid flow path, and when the alarm is indicative of a leak in the flow path, the controller is further configured to:
in the first mode of operation, clear the alarm based at least on a comparison between the level of activity of the negative pressure source and a third activity threshold, and
in the second mode of operation, clear the alarm based at least on a comparison between the level of activity of the negative pressure source and a fourth activity threshold different from the third activity threshold.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
detect that the canister is not positioned in the fluid flow path in response to determining that a plurality of conditions are satisfied, and
detect that the canister is positioned in the fluid flow path in response to determining that at least one of the plurality of conditions is not satisfied.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of conditions comprises:
a first condition indicating whether a first change in negative pressure provided by the negative pressure source to the dressing meets a first pressure threshold while the negative pressure source is maintaining negative pressure under the dressing within the negative pressure range; and
a second condition indicating whether a second change in negative pressure provided by the negative pressure source to the dressing does not meet a second pressure threshold while the negative pressure source is maintaining negative pressure under the dressing within the negative pressure range.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the first change in negative pressure comprises an average change in negative pressure between a maximum overshoot pressure and an upper hysteresis point pressure over a first time period while the negative pressure source is maintaining negative pressure under the dressing within the negative pressure range, and the second change in negative pressure comprises an average change in negative pressure between the upper hysteresis point pressure and a lower hysteresis point pressure over a second time period while the negative pressure source is maintaining negative pressure under the dressing within the negative pressure range; and wherein:
the lower hysteresis point comprises pressure measured at a time when the negative pressure source is activated to restore pressure under the dressing to be within the negative pressure range,
the upper hysteresis point pressure comprises pressure measured at a time when the negative pressure source is deactivated after pressure under the dressing is restored to be within the negative pressure range, and
the maximum overshoot pressure comprises a maximum negative pressure measured after the negative pressure source is deactivated and before the negative pressure source is reactivated.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a sensor configured to output an indication of whether the canister is positioned in the fluid flow path, the controller being configured to detect the status of the parameter associated with the canister being positioned in the fluid flow path based at least on the indication.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the sensor comprises a proximity sensor or a pressure sensor.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the pressure sensor is configured to output the indication when tabs configured to secure the canister to a housing are engaged, the negative pressure source being disposed in the housing.
17. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to control one or more operations of the negative pressure source differently in the first or second modes of operation.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising one or more indicators to indicate one or more operating or failure conditions, wherein the controller is further configured to vary one or more parameters controlling the delivery of negative pressure supplied to the wound dressing and vary one or more conditions configured to activate the one or more indicators based at least on the first or second modes of operation.
19. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first mode of operation comprises canister mode of operation and the second mode of operation comprises canisterless mode of operation.
20. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a switch, the controller being configured to detect status of the parameter associated with the canister being positioned in the fluid flow path based at least on a position of the switch.
21. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising the dressing.
22. A method of controlling operation of a negative pressure wound therapy apparatus comprising a controller and a negative pressure source configured to provide negative pressure via a fluid flow path to under a dressing placed over a wound, the method comprising, by the controller:
detecting status of a parameter associated with a canister being positioned in the fluid flow path between the negative pressure source and the dressing, the canister being configured to store fluid removed from the wound;
in response to detecting that the parameter indicates that the canister is positioned in the fluid flow path between the negative pressure source and the dressing, operating the negative pressure source to provide negative pressure under the dressing according to a first mode of operation; and
in response to detecting that the parameter indicates that the canister is not positioned in the fluid flow path between the negative pressure source and the dressing, operating the negative pressure source to provide negative pressure under the dressing according to a second mode of operation different from the first mode of operation.
23. The method of claim 22 , further comprising operating the negative pressure source differently in the first or second modes of operation.
24. The method of claim 22 , further comprising:
when operating in the first mode, activating an alarm based at least on a comparison between a level of activity of the negative pressure source and a first activity threshold; and
when operating in the second mode, activating the alarm based at least on a comparison between the level of activity of the negative pressure source and a second activity threshold different from the first activity threshold.
25. The method of claim 22 , wherein the first mode of operation comprises canister mode of operation and the second mode of operation comprises canisterless mode of operation.