Method and device for conducting commercial blasting operations
A method of generating electricity which comprises forming a galvanic cell comprising two electrodes in contact with an ionic conductor, wherein the ionic conductor comprises an explosive composition or is derived from an explosive composition.
1. A method of conducting a commercial blasting operation in which electricity required for operation of a device employed in the operation is generated by forming a galvanic cell comprising two electrodes in contact with an ionic conductor, wherein
(i) the ionic conductor is an explosive composition being used in the commercial blasting operation or derived from an explosive composition being used in the commercial blasting operation,
(ii) the explosive composition is an emulsion explosive comprising droplets comprising an electrolyte in a matrix of a fuel phase, and
(iii) a demulsifier is contacted with emulsion explosive between the electrodes in order to produce an ionic conductor between the electrodes.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electricity that is generated is used as a source of energy to power an electric or electronic detonator to control operation thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electricity that is generated is used as a source of electrical energy to power wireless communication between a device and a blast controller.
4. An electrical device for use in a commercial blasting operation, wherein the device comprises two electrodes and wherein electricity for powering the device is generated by forming a galvanic cell comprising the two electrodes in contact with an ionic conductor, wherein
(i) the ionic conductor is an explosive composition being used in the commercial blasting operation or derived from an explosive composition being used in the commercial blasting operation,
(ii) the explosive composition is an emulsion explosive comprising droplets comprising an electrolyte in a matrix of a fuel phase, and
(iii) a demulsifier is contacted with emulsion explosive between the electrodes in order to produce an ionic conductor between the electrodes.
5. A device according to claim 4 , wherein the device is an electric or electronic detonator or a wireless electronic booster or other device intended to initiate an explosive.
6. A device according to claim 4 , wherein the electricity that is generated is used as a source of electrical energy to power wireless communication between the device and a blast controller.
7. A device according to claim 4 , wherein the electricity that is generated is used as a source of electrical energy to power the firing and/or firing control circuits of the electrical device.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ionic conductor is an explosive composition has a conductivity of at least 0.1 Sm −1 .
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the explosive composition is doped with an additive in order to increase the electrical conductivity of the explosive composition.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the explosive composition is caused to undergo a physical or chemical transformation in order to increase its electrical conductivity and provide the ionic conductor.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the explosive composition comprises ammonium nitrate prill and the ionic conductor is formed by dissolution of ammonium nitrate of the prill in a solvent.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein electricity is generated at a current of from 0.1 mA to 10 mA and at a voltage of from 1 V to 5V.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the explosive composition is contained in a booster shell.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the explosive composition is a bulk explosive loaded in a blast hole.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the demulsifier is provided as a coating on one or both electrodes.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or both electrodes are coated with a passivating material that is gradually consumed on contact with the ionic conductor.
17. The device of claim 4 , wherein the demulsifier is provided as a coating on one or both electrodes.
18. The device of claim 4 , wherein one or both electrodes are coated with a passivating material that is gradually consumed on contact with the ionic conductor.
19. The device of claim 4 , wherein the electrodes are mounted on a housing that is adapted to allow the electrodes to be immersed in an explosive composition during use of the device.
20. The device of claim 4 , wherein the housing is structured to be connected or fitted to a contained explosive charge.
21. The device of claim 4 , wherein the housing is structured to be connected or fitted to a booster shell.
22. The device of claim 4 , further comprising a built-in power source that supplies sufficient electrical energy to power required functionality of the device but that is not directly related to or not sufficient to cause initiation of the device.