Sheath for protecting against fire
The invention relates to a protective sheath ( 50 ) for covering a fluid-transporting pipeline, comprising a flame-proof, non-inflammable layer ( 52 ) and a heat insulation layer ( 54 ) arranged beneath the non-inflammable layer, the non-inflammable layer consisting only of carbon and the heat insulation layer comprising a knitted fabric, the knitted fabric comprising a plurality of stitches and air trapped within the plurality of stitches such that the heat insulation layer comprises at least 70 vol. % of air. Furthermore, the non-inflammable layer comprises carbon fibers providing 100% coverage in order to protect the heat insulation layer from contact with flames.
1. A protection sheath, intended to cover a fluid transporting pipe, the sheath comprising a flame-proof non-flammable layer and a heat insulation layer arranged beneath the non-flammable layer, the non-flammable layer comprising only carbon and the heat insulation layer comprising a knitted fabric, the knitted fabric comprising a plurality of stitches and air trapped within the plurality of stitches, the heat insulation layer comprising at least 70 vol. % of air, and wherein the non-flammable layer comprises carbon fibers providing a 100% fiber coverage rate without spaces between the carbon fibers in order to protect the heat insulation layer from contact with flames.
2. The sheath according to claim 1 , wherein the sheath comprises, over the non-flammable layer, a sealing anti-fire-starter layer intended for preventing, prior to a fire, combustibles from the outside environment from penetrating through the sheath.
3. The sheath according to claim 2 , wherein the sealing anti-fire-starter layer comprises a fluoropolymer.
4. The sheath according to claim 3 , wherein the sealing anti-fire-starter layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
5. The sheath according to claim 1 , wherein the knitted fabric corresponds to a glass fiber knitted fabric.
6. The sheath according to claim 1 , wherein the non-flammable layer corresponds to a carbon fiber braid.
7. The sheath according to claim 1 , wherein the heat insulation layer is constituted of two superimposed knitted fabric layers.
8. A method of producing a pipe comprising an upper layer, the method comprising a step of depositing, on the upper layer of the pipe, a protection sheath according to claim 1 .
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the step of depositing the sheath on the upper layer comprises a step of knitting the heat insulation layer onto the upper layer of the pipe in order to obtain a heat insulation layer of an external diameter such that the heat insulation layer comprises 70% vol. of air, and a step of depositing the non-flammable layer comprising carbon and of an internal diameter substantially equal to the external diameter of the heat insulation layer.
10. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the step of depositing the non-flammable carbon layer corresponds to braiding carbon fibers.
11. A composite pipe intended for transporting a fluid in an aircraft, comprising
an internal tubular layer forming a chemical barrier within which a fluid is intended to flow,
at least one reinforcing layer covering the internal tubular layer and being intended to resist pressure inside the pipe,
at least one fire resistance layer covering said at least one reinforcing layer, wherein said at least one fire resistance layer includes carbon and is intended for protecting the pipe from fire, and
a protection sheath according to claim 1 ,
wherein said at least one fire resistance layer corresponds to the non-flammable layer.
12. The pipe according to claim 11 , wherein the internal tubular layer forming chemical barrier is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
13. An aircraft, in particular an airplane, comprising a pipe according to claim 11 .