Process for recycling li-ion batteries
The present invention concerns a process for the recovery of metals and of heat from spent rechargeable batteries, in particular from spent Li-ion batteries containing relatively low amounts of cobalt. It has in particular been found that such cobalt-depleted Li-ion batteries can be processed on a copper smelter by: feeding a useful charge and slag formers to the smelter; adding heating and reducing agents; whereby at least part of the heating and/or reducing agents is replaced by Li-ion batteries containing one or more of metallic Fe, metallic Al, and carbon. Using spent LFP or LMO batteries as a feed on the Cu smelter, the production rate of Cu blister is increased, while the energy consumption from fossil sources is decreased.
1. A process for the recovery of enthalpy and metals from Li-ion batteries, comprising:
feeding a charge and slag formers to a copper smelter, wherein the charge comprises a copper-bearing feed; and
adding heating and reducing agents;
wherein at least part of the heating and/or reducing agents is replaced by Li-ion batteries containing one or more of metallic Fe, metallic Al, or carbon.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the slag formers comprise SiO 2 in an amount sufficient to comply with 0.5<SiO 2 /Fe<2.5 and with Al 2 O 3 <10 wt. % in the formed slag.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein more than 50% of the Li-ion batteries contain 3 wt. % of Co or less.
4. The process according to claim 2 , further comprising adjusting the amount of Li-ion batteries fed to the copper smelter in order to obtain an amount of Co in the formed slag of less than 0.1 wt. %, wherein more than 50% of the Li-ion batteries contain 3 wt. % of Co or less.