Polishing device for polishing concave lens faces of optical lenses, and method for operation thereof
A polishing device for polishing curved lens faces of optical lenses has a workpiece holder for receiving an optical lens and a polishing tool. The polishing tool has a support element, an elastic substructure and a curved polishing surface on the elastic substructure. The polishing tool, with the polishing surface, is driven in a rotating manner about a rotation axis, the workpiece holder being driven in a rotating manner about a first axis, in order to rotate the optical lens. A distance between the workpiece holder and the polishing tool is adjustable along a second axis. An offset between the workpiece holder and the polishing device is adjustable along a third axis, which is aligned transversely in relation to the first axis. A pitch angle between the rotation axis and the first axis is adjustable by tilting about a fourth axis. A method of operating the device is also disclosed.
1. A polishing device ( 1 ) for polishing curved lens faces ( 101 ) of optical lenses ( 100 ),
the polishing device ( 1 ) having a workpiece holder ( 10 ) for receiving an optical lens ( 100 ) and having a polishing tool ( 20 ),
the polishing tool ( 20 ) having a support element ( 21 ) with a curved polishing surface ( 23 ), being driven in a rotating manner about a rotation axis (R),
either the curved lens face ( 101 ) being concave and the curved polishing surface ( 23 ) being convex, or the curved lens face ( 101 ) being convex and the curved polishing surface ( 23 ) being concave,
the workpiece holder ( 10 ) being driven in a rotating manner about a first axis (A 1 ), in order to rotate the optical lens ( 100 ),
a distance (z) between the workpiece holder ( 10 ) and the polishing tool ( 20 ) being adjustable along a second axis (A 2 ),
an offset (x) between the workpiece holder ( 10 ) and the polishing device ( 20 ) being adjustable along a third axis (A 3 ), which is aligned transversely in relation to the first axis (A 1 ),
wherein
the curved polishing surface ( 23 ) is located on an elastic substructure ( 22 ) of the polishing tool ( 20 ),
a pitch angle (W) between the rotation axis (R) and the first axis (A 1 ) is adjustable by tilting about a fourth axis (A 4 ),
when there is an optical lens ( 100 ) received in the workpiece holder ( 10 ), the polishing tool ( 20 ) can be placed, according to the pitch angle (W), obliquely on the curved lens face ( 101 ), and a strip-type contact area (F) can be realized between the polishing surface ( 23 ) and the curved lens face ( 101 ) as a result of deformation of the elastic substructure ( 22 ), and
the pitch angle (W) between the rotation axis (R) and the first axis (A 1 ) being such a magnitude that the polishing surface ( 23 ) is partially raised from the curved lens face ( 101 ) and a portion of the polishing surface ( 23 ) floats above the lens face ( 101 ) at a lateral distance from the contact area.
2. The polishing device ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the strip-type contact area (F) extends at both ends (E 1 , E 2 ) as far as a circumferential edge ( 103 ) of the curved lens face ( 101 ).
3. The polishing device ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising an electric controller, wherein during a polishing process,
the speed of rotation of the workpiece holder ( 10 ) about the first axis (A 1 ),
the distance (z) between the workpiece holder ( 10 ) and the polishing tool ( 20 ) along the second axis (A 2 ),
the offset (x) between the workpiece holder ( 10 ) and the polishing tool ( 20 ) along the third axis (A 3 ), and
the pitch angle (W) between the rotation axis (R) and the first axis (A 1 ), by tilting about the fourth axis (A 4 ),
are driven by the electric controller in an interpolating manner.
4. The polishing device ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the pitch angle (W) is regulated, by the electric controller, to a value at which a maximally uniform contact pressure force is present over the length of a strip-type contact area (F) between the polishing surface ( 23 ) and the curved lens face ( 101 ).
5. The polishing device ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second axis (A 2 ) and the third axis (A 3 ) are mechanically coupled to the workpiece holder ( 10 ).
6. The polishing device ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fourth axis (A 4 ) is mechanically coupled to the polishing tool ( 20 ).
7. A method for operating a polishing device ( 1 ) comprising:
a workpiece holder ( 10 ) for receiving an optical lens ( 100 ) and having a polishing tool ( 20 ),
the polishing tool ( 20 ) having a support element ( 21 ) with a curved polishing surface ( 23 ), being driven in a rotating manner about a rotation axis (R),
either the curved lens face ( 101 ) being concave and the curved polishing surface ( 23 ) being convex, or the curved lens face ( 101 ) being convex and the curved polishing surface ( 23 ) being concave,
the workpiece holder ( 10 ) being driven in a rotating manner about a first axis (A 1 ), in order to rotate the optical lens ( 100 ),
a distance (z) between the workpiece holder ( 10 ) and the polishing tool ( 20 ) being adjustable along a second axis (A 2 ),
an offset (x) between the workpiece holder ( 10 ) and the polishing device ( 20 ) being adjustable along a third axis (A 3 ), which is aligned transversely in relation to the first axis (A 1 ),
wherein
the curved polishing surface ( 23 ) is located on an elastic substructure ( 22 ) of the polishing tool ( 20 ),
a pitch angle (W) between the rotation axis (R) and the first axis (A 1 ) is adjustable by tilting about a fourth axis (A 4 ),
when there is an optical lens ( 100 ) received in the workpiece holder ( 10 ), the polishing tool ( 20 ) can be placed, according to the pitch angle (W), obliquely on the curved lens face ( 101 ), and a strip-type contact area (F) can be realized between the polishing surface ( 23 ) and the curved lens face ( 101 ) as a result of deformation of the elastic substructure ( 22 ), and
the pitch angle (W) between the rotation axis (R) and the first axis (A 1 ) being such a magnitude that the polishing surface ( 23 ) is partially raised from the curved lens face ( 101 ) and a portion of the polishing surface ( 23 ) floats above the lens face ( 101 ) at a lateral distance from the contact area,
the method comprising the following steps:
a) receiving an optical lens ( 100 ) with the workpiece holder ( 10 ),
b) placing the polishing tool ( 20 ), with the polishing surface ( 23 ), on the curved lens face ( 101 ),
c) rotating the polishing tool ( 20 ) about the rotation axis (R),
d) performing a polishing operation, by driving in an interpolating manner
the speed of rotation of the workpiece holder ( 10 ) about the first axis (A 1 ),
the distance (z) between the workpiece holder ( 10 ) and the polishing tool ( 20 ) along the second axis (A 2 ),
the offset (x) between the workpiece holder ( 10 ) and the polishing tool ( 20 ) along the third axis (A 3 ), and
the pitch angle (W) between the rotation axis (R) and the first axis (A 1 ), by tilting about the fourth axis (A 4 ),
wherein the polishing tool ( 20 ) is placed, according to the pitch angle (W), obliquely on the curved lens face ( 101 ), and a strip-type contact area (F) is realized between the polishing surface ( 23 ) and the curved lens face ( 101 ) as a result of deformation of the elastic substrate ( 22 ), and
the pitch angle ( 2 ) between the rotation axis (R) and the first axis (A 1 ) being of such a magnitude that the polishing surface ( 23 ) is partially raised from the curved lens face ( 101 ) and a portion of the polishing surface ( 23 ) floats above the lens face ( 101 ) at a lateral distance from the contact area.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the driving in the interpolating manner takes into account, as a first objective function, the pitch angle (W) at which a maximally uniform contact pressure force is present over the length of the strip-type contact area (F) between the polishing surface ( 23 ) and the curved lens face ( 101 ).
9. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the driving in the interpolating manner takes into account, as a second objective function, the strip-type contact area (F) between the polishing surface ( 23 ) and the curved lens face ( 101 ) that extends at both ends (E 1 , E 2 ) as far as a circumferential edge ( 103 ) of the curved lens face ( 101 ).
10. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the driving in the interpolating manner takes into account, as a third objective function, a contact pressure force that is maximally uniform over a revolution of the optical lens ( 100 ).
11. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the driving in the interpolating manner takes into account, as a fourth objective function, a constant removal profile in the strip-type contact area (F) between the polishing surface ( 23 ) and the curved lens face ( 101 ).
12. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein, for each revolution of the optical lens ( 100 ) about the first axis (A 1 ), the pitch angle (W) between the rotation axis (R) and the first axis (A 1 ) is tilted to and fro twice about the fourth axis (A 4 ).
13. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein, for each revolution of the optical lens ( 100 ) about the first axis (A 1 ), the offset (x) between the workpiece holder ( 10 ) and the polishing tool ( 20 ) along the third axis (A 3 ) oscillates to and fro twice.
14. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the rotating of the polishing tool ( 20 ) about the rotation axis (R) is effected at a constant rotational speed, between starting-up and decelerating.