Electrostatic atomizer, and method for electrostatically atomizing by use of the same
An object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic atomizer variable in arrangement and configuration while being low in cost and uncomplicated. An electrostatic atomizer includes a spray site, a spray electrode ( 1 ) electrically connectable to the spray site, a reference electrode ( 2 ), and a power supply ( 4 ) for applying a voltage between the spray electrode ( 1 ) and the reference electrode ( 2 ). The reference electrode ( 2 ) is arranged such that when a voltage is applied between the spray electrode ( 1 ) and the reference electrode ( 2 ), matter to be electrostatically atomized is atomized from the spray site. The power supply ( 4 ) monitors an electrical property of the spray site, and adjusts the voltage to be applied between the spray electrode ( 1 ) and the reference electrode ( 2 ) according to a monitored electrical property of the spray site and a predetermined characteristic. The spray electrode ( 1 ) and the reference electrode ( 2 ) are arranged such that an electrical charge of the matter to be atomized from the spray site is counterbalanced by production of at least equal amount of opposite electrical charge at the reference electrode ( 2 ).
1. A method of performing electrostatic atomization by use of an electrostatic atomizer comprising:
atomizing matter having at 20° C. a resistivity in the range of 1×10 3 through 1×10 6 Ω·m, and a surface tension in the range 20 through 40 mN·m −1 ;
monitoring a current of a spray site by measuring current only at a reference electrode; and
adjusting a voltage to be applied between a spray electrode and a reference electrode, wherein the electrostatic atomizer comprises
the spray site for electrostatically atomizing matter by electrically affecting the matter;
the spray electrode electrically connectable to the spray site; the reference electrode being arranged such that when a voltage is applied between the spray electrode and the reference electrode, the matter to be electrostatically atomized is atomized from the spray site; and
a power supply applying a voltage between the spray electrode and the reference electrode, monitoring an electrical property of the spray site, and adjusting the voltage to be applied between the spray electrode and the reference electrode according to a monitored electrical property of the spray site,
wherein the spray electrode and the reference electrode are further arranged that an electrical charge of the matter to be atomized from the spray site is counterbalanced by at least equal amount of opposite electrical charge at the reference electrode.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrostatic atomizer further comprises
a directing means for directing the matter to be atomized from the spray site away from the electrostatic atomizer such that at least a part of charged particles do not reach the reference electrode.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the directing means comprises
a dielectric arranged near the spray site so that, during atomization, an electrical charge having a polarity identical to that of the matter to be atomized is accumulated on a side of the dielectric, which side is proximate to the spray site, and the electrical charge directs the matter to be atomized from the spray site away from the electrostatic atomizer, and
the dielectric is arranged between the spray electrode and the reference electrode.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the power supply further comprises a control circuit,
the control circuit includes a microprocessor for providing at least one voltage control signal,
the voltage control signal determines a characteristic of the voltage to be applied by the power supply between the spray electrode and the reference electrode,
the microprocessor provides the voltage control signal by processing a value of current or a voltage monitored by the power supply,
wherein the control circuit is adapted to compensate at least the one voltage control signal for ambient environmental conditions including temperature, humidity and/or atmospheric pressure, and/or spray content, and
the control circuit is capable of providing compensation by altering any one or a combination of a period, a duty cycle, an amplitude, or an on-off time of the voltage to be applied by the power supply.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrostatic atomizer further comprises:
a second spray site for atomizing matter having an electrical charge having a polarity opposite to that of matter to be atomized from the first spray site,
the reference electrode being electrically connected to the second spray site,
the first spray site being charged by the spray electrode to a first polarity, and the second spray site being charged by the reference electrode to a polarity opposite to the first polarity, and
the spray electrode and the reference electrode being electrically biased by a single power source.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrostatic atomizer further comprises:
a second spray site for electrostatically atomizing second matter to be electrostatically atomized by electrically affecting the second matter,
wherein the reference electrode is arranged to be electrically connectable to the second spray site so that, during atomization, when a voltage is applied between the reference electrode and the spray electrode, matter is atomized from the first spray site, and the second matter is atomized from the second spray site.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the power supply further comprises a control circuit,
the control circuit includes a microprocessor for providing at least one voltage control signal,
the voltage control signal determines a characteristic of the voltage to be applied by the power supply between the spray electrode and the reference electrode,
the microprocessor provides the voltage control signal by processing a value of current or a voltage monitored by the power supply,
wherein the control circuit is adapted to compensate at least the one voltage control signal for ambient environmental conditions including temperature, humidity and/or atmospheric pressure, and/or spray content, and
the control circuit is capable of providing compensation by altering any one or a combination of a period, a duty cycle, an amplitude, or an on-off time of the voltage to be applied by the power supply.
8. The method of claim 3 , wherein the power supply further comprises a control circuit,
the control circuit includes a microprocessor for providing at least one voltage control signal,
the voltage control signal determines a characteristic of the voltage to be applied by the power supply between the spray electrode and the reference electrode,
the microprocessor provides the voltage control signal by processing a value of current or a voltage monitored by the power supply,
wherein the control circuit is adapted to compensate at least the one voltage control signal for ambient environmental conditions including temperature, humidity and/or atmospheric pressure, and/or spray content, and
the control circuit is capable of providing compensation by altering any one or a combination of a period, a duty cycle, an amplitude, or an on-off time of the voltage to be applied by the power supply.
9. The method of claim 2 , wherein the electrostatic atomizer further comprises:
a second spray site for atomizing matter having an electrical charge having a polarity opposite to that of matter to be atomized from the first spray site,
the reference electrode being electrically connected to the second spray site,
the first spray site being charged by the spray electrode to a first polarity, and the second spray site being charged by the reference electrode to a polarity opposite to the first polarity, and
the spray electrode and the reference electrode being electrically biased by a single power source.
10. The method of claim 3 , wherein the electrostatic atomizer further comprises:
a second spray site for atomizing matter having an electrical charge having a polarity opposite to that of matter to be atomized from the first spray site,
the reference electrode being electrically connected to the second spray site,
the first spray site being charged by the spray electrode to a first polarity, and the second spray site being charged by the reference electrode to a polarity opposite to the first polarity, and
the spray electrode and the reference electrode being electrically biased by a single power source.
11. The method of claim 2 , wherein the electrostatic atomizer further comprises:
a second spray site for electrostatically atomizing second matter to be electrostatically atomized by electrically affecting the second matter,
wherein the reference electrode is arranged to be electrically connectable to the second spray site so that, during atomization, when a voltage is applied between the reference electrode and the spray electrode, matter is atomized from the first spray site, and the second matter is atomized from the second spray site.
12. The method of claim 3 , wherein the electrostatic atomizer further comprises:
a second spray site for electrostatically atomizing second matter to be electrostatically atomized by electrically affecting the second matter,
wherein the reference electrode is arranged to be electrically connectable to the second spray site so that, during atomization, when a voltage is applied between the reference electrode and the spray electrode, matter is atomized from the first spray site, and the second matter is atomized from the second spray site.