Ceramic gas distribution plate with embedded electrode

1. A method for manufacturing a gas distribution plate for a substrate processing system, comprising:

(a) creating a ceramic lower portion of the gas distribution plate, wherein the ceramic lower portion includes a plurality of ceramic green sheets;

(b) creating a ceramic upper portion of the gas distribution plate, wherein the ceramic upper portion includes a plurality of ceramic green sheets;

(c) while the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion are in a green state, printing an electrode on at least one of an upper surface of the ceramic lower portion and a lower surface of the ceramic upper portion using metal screen printing process;

(d) while the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion are in the green state, sandwiching the electrode between the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion after (c);

(e) while the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion are in the green state, machining a first plurality of through holes through the ceramic lower portion, the ceramic upper portion, and the electrode after (d),

wherein the first plurality of through holes are configured to pass gas to a substrate side of the gas distribution plate;

(f) machining a second plurality of through holes through the ceramic lower portion, the ceramic upper portion, and the electrode,

wherein the second plurality of through holes is arranged radially outside of the first plurality of through holes,

wherein the second plurality of through holes is configured to exhaust gas from the substrate side of the gas distribution plate, and

wherein the through holes of the second plurality of through holes have a different shape than the through holes of the first plurality of through holes; and

(g) sintering the ceramic upper portion and the ceramic lower portion to form the gas distribution plate after (e).

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

(c) includes printing the electrode with holes; and

(d) includes machining the first plurality of through holes and the second plurality of through holes through the ceramic upper portion, the ceramic lower portion, and the holes in the electrode.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion that matches a coefficient of thermal expansion of the ceramic upper portion and the ceramic lower portion.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is made of molybdenum.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is made of tungsten.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic green sheets are made of a material selected from a group consisting of aluminum nitride (AlN), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon nitride (Si3N4), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and composites thereof.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the through holes of the second plurality of through holes are slot-shaped and the through holes of the first plurality of through holes are circular.

8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:

passing gas through the first plurality of through holes of the gas distribution plate to a substrate side of the gas distribution plate; and

exhausting gas from the substrate side of the gas distribution plate using the second plurality of through holes.

9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the through holes of the first plurality of through holes have a diameter that is less than 3 plasma sheath thicknesses and wherein the through holes of the second plurality of through holes have a width that is less than 3 plasma sheath thicknesses and a length that is 2 to 10 times the width.

10. A gas distribution plate for a substrate processing system, comprising:

a ceramic lower portion of the gas distribution plate including a plurality of ceramic green sheets;

a ceramic upper portion of the gas distribution plate including a plurality of ceramic green sheets;

an electrode that is:

printed on at least one of an upper surface of the ceramic lower portion and a lower surface of the ceramic upper portion using metal screen printing while the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion are in a green state; and

sandwiched between the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion while the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion are in the green state;

a first plurality of through holes machined through the ceramic lower portion, the ceramic upper portion, and the electrode while the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion are in the green state prior to sintering

wherein the first plurality of through holes being configured to pass gas to a substrate side of the gas distribution plate; and

a second plurality of through holes through the ceramic lower portion, the ceramic upper portion, and the electrode while the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion are in the green state prior to sintering,

wherein the second plurality of through holes is arranged radially outside of the first plurality of through holes,

wherein the second plurality of through holes is configured to exhaust gas from the substrate side of the gas distribution plate, and

wherein the through holes of the second plurality of through holes have a different shape than the through holes of the first plurality of through holes.

11. The gas distribution plate of claim 10 , wherein:

the electrode includes holes; and

the first plurality of through holes and the second plurality of through holes are machined through the ceramic lower portion, the ceramic upper portion, and the holes in the electrode while the ceramic lower portion and the ceramic upper portion are in the green state.

12. The gas distribution plate of claim 10 , wherein the electrode is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion that matches a coefficient of thermal expansion of the ceramic upper portion and the ceramic lower portion.

13. The gas distribution plate of claim 10 , wherein the electrode is made of molybdenum.

14. The gas distribution plate of claim 10 , wherein the electrode is made of tungsten.

15. The gas distribution plate of claim 10 , wherein the ceramic green sheets are made of a material selected from a group consisting of aluminum nitride (AlN), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon nitride (Si3N4), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and composites thereof.

16. The gas distribution plate of claim 10 , wherein the through holes of the second plurality of through holes are slot-shaped and the through holes of the first plurality of through holes are circular.

17. The gas distribution plate of claim 10 , wherein:

the through holes of the first plurality of through holes have a diameter that is less than 3 plasma sheath thicknesses; and

the through holes of the second plurality of through holes have a width that is less than 3 plasma sheath thicknesses and a length that is 2 to 10 times the width.

18. A substrate processing system comprising:

the gas distribution plate of claim 10 ;

a processing chamber;

a plasma generator; and

a pedestal, wherein the processing chamber operates at a temperature greater than 400° C.